These are all codes for the representations of Japanese lexemes and forms with ISO 15924 codes (albeit lowercased) for Hiragana, Katakana, and a combination of Hiragana and Katakana.
At the moment these (save for the third) are each represented with Wikidata Qids attached to "ja-x-" (so that "Japanese written in hiragana" became "ja-x-q53979341" or "ja-x-q48332", and "Japanese written in katakana" became "ja-x-q53979342" or "ja-x-q82946").
(This request does not include ja-hani as the distinction between kyujitai and shinjitai is not reflected in ISO 15924 and for this the Qids for those character sets should remain in use; note that "Hans" and "Hant" do not map cleanly to those two sets of characters.)
(EDIT: As it turns out that using ja-jpan is discouraged (search for "Suppress-Script: Jpan" on that page), I have removed it from this request and will instead adjust uses of "ja-x-Q10997505" to use "ja" instead.)