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Ottawa Citizen|author=David Pugliese, Ottawa Citizen More David Pugliese, Ottawa Citizen|date=|work=Ottawa Citizen}}","key":15,"name":10,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-16":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/28/world/europe/france-says-it-has-struck-at-isis-in-syria.html|title=France Says Its Airstrikes Hit an ISIS Camp in Syria|author=|date=28 September 2015|work=The New York Times}}","key":16,"name":11,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-17":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/feb/8/l-todd-wood-russia-supporting-kurdish-groups-syria/|work=[[Washington Times]]|date=February 8, 2016|title=Russia supporting Kurdish groups in Syria to Turkey\u2019s detriment|first=L. Todd|last=Wood}}","key":17,"name":12,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-18":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|title=Activists and a rebel commander say Kurdish fighters have launched an attack in northern Syria under the cover of Russian airstrikes to try and capture a military air base held by insurgents|url=http://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2016-02-10/gunmen-open-fire-on-syria-aid-convoy-no-casualties-reported|work=[[US News & Word Report]]|date=February 10, 2016}}","key":18,"name":13,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-19":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|last1=Gerges|first1=Fawaz|authorlink1=Fawaz Gerges|title=Saudi Arabia and Iran must end their proxy war in Syria|url=http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/dec/15/saudia-arabia-iran-proxy-war-syria|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=15 December 2013}}","key":19,"name":14,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-20":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|last1=Rogin|first1=Josh|title=Iran and Saudi Arabia Clash Inside Syria Talks|url=http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-11-04/iran-and-saudi-arabia-clash-inside-syria-talks|work=[[Bloomberg View]]|date=4 November 2015|quote=...Iran and Saudi Arabia to discuss anything civilly, much less come to an agreement on Syria, where both sides have proxy forces in the fight.}}","key":20,"name":15,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-21":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|last1=Loewenstein|first1=Jennifer|authorlink1=Jennifer Loewenstein|title=Heading Toward a Collision: Syria, Saudi Arabia and Regional Proxy Wars|url=http://www.counterpunch.org/2015/10/02/heading-toward-a-collision-syria-saudi-arabia-and-regional-proxy-wars/|work=[[CounterPunch]]|quote=Saudi Arabian and Iranian-backed factions are contributing to the proxy war in Syria...}}","key":21,"name":16,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-22":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://time.com/4039940/these-5-facts-explain-bashar-assads-hold-in-syria/ |title=These 5 Facts Explain Bashar Assad\u2019s Hold in Syria|accessdate=22 September 2015}}","key":22,"name":17,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-bosnia-23":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-09-14/syria-at-peace-to-imagine-it-think-of-bosnia-|title=To Imagine Syria at Peace, Think of Bosnia|author=Marc Champion|date=14 September 2015|work=BloombergView.com}}","count":2,"key":23,"number":23,"name":"bosnia","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-gordian-24":{"text":"[http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/9/15/why-syria-is-thegordianknotofobamasantiisilcampaign.html Why Syria is the Gordian knot of Obama\u2019s anti-ISIL campaign]","count":1,"key":24,"number":24,"name":"gordian","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-25":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/195763#.VlksfHarSUk|title=Syria Regime 'Ready to Accept De-Facto Partition'|author=Arutz Sheva|date=|work=Israel National News}}","key":25,"name":18,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-26":{"count":-1,"text":"[http://www.businessinsider.com/syrian-kurds-now-say-they-now-control-territory-the-size-of-qatar-and-kuwait-combined-2015-8 Syrian Kurds now say they now control territory the size of Qatar and Kuwait combined]","key":26,"name":19,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-27":{"count":-1,"text":"[https://twitter.com/DrPartizan_/status/696103189591023616]","key":27,"name":20,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-28":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|title=Free Syrian Army fires military chief|publisher=Al Jazeera English|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/02/free-syrian-army-fires-military-chief-201421742719901171.html|date=16 February 2014|accessdate=16 February 2014}}","key":28,"name":21,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-29":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/03/25/world/meast/syria-civil-war|title=U.N. withdraws staffers as violence rages in Syria|publisher=Edition.cnn.com|date=25 May 2013}}","key":29,"name":22,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-Huff_unifiedcommand_8Dec2012-30":{"text":"{{cite news|first=Bassem|last=Mroue|author2=Suzan Fraser|title=Syria Rebels Create New Unified Military Command|date=2012-12-08|work=[[The Huffington Post]]|agency=[[Associated Press|AP]]|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/12/08/syria-rebels-military-council_n_2263256.html|accessdate=2012-12-08|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6ClMtkEue|archivedate=2012-12-08|deadurl=no}}","count":0,"key":30,"number":30,"name":"Huff_unifiedcommand_8Dec2012","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-BBC22Nov-31":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-25053525|title=Leading Syrian rebel groups form new Islamic Front|publisher=BBC|date=22 November 2013|accessdate=22 January 2014}}","count":3,"key":31,"number":31,"name":"BBC22Nov","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-32":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite 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Cruickshank|date=5 March 2015|work=CNN}}","count":1,"key":35,"number":35,"name":"al-Nusra_military_chief_killed","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-internal_struggle-36":{"text":"{{cite web| title =An internal struggle: Al Qaeda's Syrian affiliate is grappling with its identity| url =http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/markaz/posts/2015/05/31-syria-isis-lister| website = Brookings Institute| date = 31 May 2015| accessdate = 1 June 2015}}","count":1,"key":36,"number":36,"name":"internal_struggle","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-37":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.counterextremism.com/sami-al-oraidi|title=Executive Summary: Sami al-Oraidi|author=Counter Extremism Project|date= 2014|work=Counter Extremism Project}}","key":37,"name":26,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-auto-38":{"text":"{{cite web| title = Who's who in the Nusra Front?| url =http://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/politics/2014/12/15/whos-who-in-the-nusra-front| website = al-Araby| date = 15 December 2014| accessdate = 2 June 2015}}","count":0,"key":38,"number":38,"name":"auto","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-39":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|work=United States Department of State|url=http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2013/08/213032.htm|title=U.S. Condemns Terrorist Attacks in Iraq and Pledges to Help Combat al Qaeda|date=10 August 2013}}","key":39,"name":27,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-Deputy_leader_assumes_command_of_ISIL-40":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/report-a-former-physics-teacher-is-now-leading-isis-2015-4|title=Report: A former physics teacher is now leading ISIS - Business Insider|author=Pamela Engel|date=23 April 2015|work=Business Insider}}","count":0,"key":40,"number":40,"name":"Deputy_leader_assumes_command_of_ISIL","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-ISIS.27s_Number_2_leader_killed-41":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/05/13/middleeast/isis-al-afri/|title=ISIS No. 2 leader al-Afri killed in airstrike, Iraq says|author=Barbara Starr, Nick Paton Walsh, and Hamdi Alkhshali|date=13 May 2015|work=CNN}}","count":0,"key":41,"number":41,"name":"ISIS.27s_Number_2_leader_killed","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-who_is_next-42":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/if-isis-leader-abu-bakr-al-baghdadi-killed-who-caliph-islamic-state-group-1721638|title=If ISIS Leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi Is Killed, Who Is Caliph Of The Islamic State Group?|author=Alessandria Masi|date=11 November 2014|work=International Business Times}}","count":0,"key":42,"number":42,"name":"who_is_next","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-43":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/28/world/middleeast/army-know-how-seen-as-factor-in-isis-successes.html|title=Military Skill and Terrorist Technique Fuel Success of ISIS|date=27 August 2014|work=[[The New York Times]]|accessdate=21 October 2014}}","key":43,"name":28,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-44":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite 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diminished security forces|publisher=AFP|date=28 August 2013|accessdate=14 May 2014}}","key":47,"name":32,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-48":{"count":-1,"text":"[http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Analysis/2014/Jun-16/260266-isis-iraq-offensive-could-trigger-hezbollah-to-fill-gap-left-in-syria.ashx#axzz34kJc9rns ISIS\u2019 Iraq offensive could trigger Hezbollah to fill gap left in Syria] ''[[The Daily Star (Lebanon)|The Daily Star]]'', 16 June 2014","key":48,"name":33,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-49":{"count":-1,"text":"[http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/01/iran-foreign-legion-leans-afghan-shia-syria-war-160122130355206.html \"Iran 'foreign legion' leans on Afghan Shia in Syria war\"]: \"A report by Iran's Mashregh News, which is affiliated with the Revolutionary Guards, said that the Fatemiyon force comprises some 20,000 fighters. More than 200 of them, it added, have been killed in battles across Syria since 2013.\"","key":49,"name":34,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-50":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.al-akhbar.com/node/197848|title=\u00ab\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u00bb\u0625\u0644\u0649\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642|publisher=Al Akhbar|date=14 January 2014}}","key":50,"name":35,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-51":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://carnegieendowment.org/syriaincrisis/?fa=54167|title=The Baath Battalions Move Into Damascus|publisher=Carnegie Endowment|date=13 January 2014|author=Aron Lund}}","key":51,"name":36,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-52":{"count":-1,"text":"[http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/04/syria-islamic-sunni-shia-shrines-volunteers Syrian war widens Sunni-Shia schism as foreign jihadis join fight for shrines] retrieved 5 June 2013","key":52,"name":37,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-53":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|last=Albayrak|first=Aydin|title=Mihra\u00e7 Ural, a man with a long history of terrorism|url=http://www.todayszaman.com/news-315474-mihrac-ural-a-man-with-a-long-history-of-terrorism.html|work=[[Today's Zaman]]|accessdate=3 August 2013}}","key":53,"name":38,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-54":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/russias-syria-force-has-reportedly-grown-to-4000-people-2015-11 |title=Russia's Syria force has reportedly grown to 4,000 people|authors=Jonathan Landay, Phil Stewart, Mark Hosenball|agency=Business Insider|date=4 November 2015|accessdate=4 November 2015}}","key":54,"name":39,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-wsjmercenaries-55":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.wsj.com/articles/up-to-nine-russian-contractors-die-in-syria-experts-say-1450467757|title=Up to Nine Russian Contractors Die in Syria, Experts Say|author=Thomas Grove|date=18 December 2015|work=WSJ}}","count":1,"key":55,"number":55,"name":"wsjmercenaries","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-56":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2015/Jun-04/300520-iran-sends-15000-fighters-to-syria.ashx|title=\nIran sends 15,000 fighters to Syria|work=The Daily Star|date=4 June 2015}}","key":56,"name":40,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-qusairtoyabrud-57":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/03/qusair-yabroud-shiite-foreign-fighters-syria.html|title=From Qusair to Yabrud: Shiite foreign fighters in Syria - Al-Monitor: the Pulse of the Middle East|work=Al-Monitor}}","count":0,"key":57,"number":57,"name":"qusairtoyabrud","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-58":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|last=Cockburn|first=Patrick|title=West suspends aid for Islamist rebels in Syria, underlining their disillusionment with those forces opposed to President Bashar al-Assad|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/west-suspends-aid-for-islamist-rebels-in-syria-underlining-their-disillusionment-with-those-forces-opposed-to-president-bashar-alassad-8998891.html|newspaper=The Independent|date=11 December 2013}}","key":58,"name":41,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-59":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2014/03/04/islamic_front_isis_syria|title=Front to Back|work=Foreign Policy}}","key":59,"name":42,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-guide-60":{"text":"{{cite news|title=Syria crisis: Guide to armed and political opposition|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-24403003|publisher=BBC|date=13 December 2013}}","count":0,"key":60,"number":60,"name":"guide","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-Reuters9Jan-61":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/01/09/us-syria-crisis-rebels-factbox-idUSBREA080SW20140109|title=Factbox: Syria's rebel groups|publisher=Reuters|date=9 January 2014|accessdate=9 January 2014}}","count":0,"key":61,"number":61,"name":"Reuters9Jan","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-62":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2014/01/06/213669/al-qaida-rebels-leave-mass-grave.html|title=Al Qaida rebels leave mass grave behind as they desert base in Syria|publisher=McClatchy|date=6 January 2014|accessdate=8 January 2014}}","key":62,"name":43,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-63":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=https://en.zamanalwsl.net/news/10077.html|title=Syrian rebel group offers 2000 jihadists to fight Houthis in Yemen|author=|date=|work=ZAMAN ALWSL}}","key":63,"name":44,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-64":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2015/0504/Syria-crisis-Spooked-by-rebel-gains-Jordan-doubles-down-on-Islamic-State|title=Syria crisis: Spooked by rebel gains, Jordan doubles down on Islamic State|date=4 May 2015|accessdate=4 May 2015}}","key":64,"name":45,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-65":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://syriadirect.org/news/syria-direct-news-update-3-25-15/|title=Syria Direct: News Update 3-25-15|date=4 May 2015|accessdate=4 May 2015}}","key":65,"name":46,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-66":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-29169914|title=Islamic State fighter estimate triples - CIA|publisher=BBC|date=12 September 2014}}","key":66,"name":47,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-67":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/war-with-isis-islamic-militants-have-army-of-200000-claims-kurdish-leader-9863418.html|title=War with Isis: Islamic militants have army of 200,000, claims senior Kurdish leader|publisher=The Independent|date=18 November 2014}}","key":67,"name":48,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-68":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.todayszaman.com/op-ed_will-the-islamic-state-last-through-2015_368806.html|title=Will the Islamic State last through 2015?|publisher=Today's Zaman|accessdate=4 January 2015}}","key":68,"name":49,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-hijacked-69":{"text":"{{cite news|url=http://rudaw.net/english/middleeast/syria/11082013|publisher=Rudaw|title= Kurdish Commander: Jihadi Groups in Syria Have Hijacked FSA|date=11 August 2013|author=Mutlu Civiroglu }}","count":0,"key":69,"number":69,"name":"hijacked","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-SOHR-70":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/2015/10/about-20-millions-and-half-killed-and-wounded-since-the-beginning-of-the-syrian-revolution/|title=About 2 millions and half killed and wounded since the beginning of the Syrian Revolution|date=16 October 2015}}","count":9,"key":70,"number":70,"name":"SOHR","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-SOHR1-71":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20140826120603/http://www.syriahr.com/index.php?option=com_news&nid=22469&Itemid=2&task=displaynews|title=More than 110 dead, thousands of regime forces during the 41 months|publisher=|accessdate=25 October 2014}}","count":3,"key":71,"number":71,"name":"SOHR1","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-72":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/2015/06/320000-people-killed-since-the-beginning-of-the-syrian-revolution/|title=320,000 people killed since the beginning of the Syrian Revolution|date=9 June 2015}}","key":72,"name":50,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-73":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://wfla.membercenter.worldnow.com/story/30786819/hezbollah-recruiting-push-comes-amid-deeper-role-in-syria|title=Hezbollah recruiting push comes amid deeper role in Syria|author=|date=18 December 2015|work=worldnow.com}}","key":73,"name":51,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-74":{"count":-1,"text":"[http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2016/01/lebanon-hezbollah-teenagers-jihad-syria.html Meet one of Hezbollah's teen fighters]","key":74,"name":52,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-75":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://foreignpolicy.com/2015/10/30/mapping-the-deaths-of-iranian-officers-across-syria/|title=Mapping the Deaths of Iranian Officers Across Syria|publisher=|accessdate=1 November 2015}}","key":75,"name":53,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-76":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/iranpolitics/comments/3pgwp1/iranian_casualties_in_syria_megathread/|title=Iranian casualties in Syria : iranpolitics|publisher=Reddit.com |date= |accessdate=2016-01-04}}","key":76,"name":54,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-77":{"count":-1,"text":"[https://www.reddit.com/r/iranpolitics/comments/3zec4o/iranian_casualties_in_syria_megathread/ Iranian casualties in Syria megathread]","key":77,"name":55,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-78":{"count":-1,"text":"[http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/russian-military-officer-killed-syria-36695675 Russian Military Officer Killed in Syria]","key":78,"name":56,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-79":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSL8N12R2X620151027|title=Family confirms first Russian military fatality in Syria, disputes 'suicide' source|date= 27 October 2015|work=Reuters|accessdate=27 October 2015}}","key":79,"name":57,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-80":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://news.yahoo.com/three-russians-killed-syria-pro-government-source-145159450.html|title=Three Russians killed in Syria: pro-government source|date=20 October 2015|work=Yahoo News|accessdate=21 October 2015}}","key":80,"name":58,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-almost11.2C500-81":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://ansamed.ansa.it/ansamed/en/news/sections/politics/2012/03/19/visualizza_new.html_134589467.html|title=Syria: Opposition, almost 11,500 civilians killed|publisher=Ansamed.ansa.it|date=2010-01-03|accessdate=2013-08-27}}","count":0,"key":81,"number":81,"name":"almost11.2C500","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-82":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.geo.tv/article-189504-IS-executes-over-3000-in-Syria-in-year-long-caliphate|title=IS executes over 3,000 in Syria in year-long \u00b4caliphate\u00b4|date=28 June 2015|work=AFP}}","key":82,"name":59,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-83":{"count":-1,"text":"[http://www.diclehaber.com/en/news/content/view/437247?from=2102159856 YPG releases balance-sheet of 2014: Nearly 5,000 ISIS members killed]","key":83,"name":60,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-84":{"count":-1,"text":"[http://ypgrojava.com/en/2016/01/01/balance-of-the-war-against-hostile-groups-in-rojava-northern-syria-year-2015/ Balance of the War Against Hostile Groups in Rojava, Northern Syria: Year 2015]","key":84,"name":61,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-85":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://sputniknews.com/middleeast/20141225/1016239222.html|title=Syrian Army Kills Nearly 5,000 IS Militants in Three Months: Source|date=25 December 2014|work=sputniknews.com}}","key":85,"name":62,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-86":{"count":-1,"text":"15 killed (31 October 2012),[http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/fighting-erupts-between-syrian-rebels-and-kurds/2012/10/31/fedd811a-239e-11e2-92f8-7f9c4daf276a_story.html] 25 killed (19 November 2012),[http://edition.cnn.com/2012/11/20/world/europe/turkey-syria-violence/] 379 killed (2013),[http://anna-news.info/node/13156] 537\u2013706 killed (2014),[http://www.diclehaber.com/en/news/content/view/437247?from=2102159856][http://kurdishdailynews.org/2014/12/15/ypg-at-least-2950-is-militants-killed-in-kobani/][http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=7701] 680 killed (2015),[http://ypgrojava.com/en/2016/01/01/balance-of-the-war-against-hostile-groups-in-rojava-northern-syria-year-2015/] total of 1,636\u20131,805 reported killed","key":86,"name":63,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-87":{"count":-1,"text":"[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-31129416 Jordan pilot murder: Islamic State deploys asymmetry of fear]","key":87,"name":64,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-88":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.vdc-sy.org/index.php/en/home|title=Violations Documenting Center|date=16 October 2015|accessdate=16 October 2015|publisher=Violations Documenting Center}}","key":88,"name":65,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-89":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sc12008.doc.htm|title=Alarmed by Continuing Syria Crisis, Security Council Affirms Its Support for Special Envoy\u2019s Approach in Moving Political Solution Forward|publisher=UN|accessdate=17 August 2015}}","key":89,"name":66,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-90":{"count":-1,"text":"http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/feb/11/report-on-syria-conflict-finds-115-of-population-killed-or-injured","key":90,"name":67,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-91":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/syrias-meltdown-requires-a-u.s.-led-response|title=Syria's Meltdown Requires a U.S.-Led Response|publisher=Washington Institute for Near East Policy|date=22 March 2013}}","key":91,"name":68,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-92":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/11728266/More-than-four-million-Syrian-refugees-in-neighbouring-countries-UN-says.html|title=More than four million Syrian refugees in neighbouring countries, UN says|author=|date=9 July 2015|work=Telegraph.co.uk}}","key":92,"name":69,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-93":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/07/09/us-mideast-crisis-syria-refugees-idUSKCN0PJ0EF20150709|title=Syria's neighbors now host four million of its refugees, U.N. says|author=Tom Miles|date=9 July 2015|work=Reuters}}","key":93,"name":70,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-94":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/7/9/unhcr-syrian-refugees-cross-four-million-mark.html|title=UNHCR: Syrian Refugees Cross Four Million Mark - Al Jazeera America|author=|date=|work=aljazeera.com}}","key":94,"name":71,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-95":{"count":-1,"text":"US-trained rebels give equipment to al-Qaeda affiliate\nhttp://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-34368073","key":95,"name":72,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-SyriacMilitaryCouncil-96":{"text":"{{cite web |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/25/world/meast/us-syria-rebel-agreement/ |last1=Bronstein |first1=Scott |last2=Griffin |first2=Drew |title=Syrian rebel groups unite to fight ISIS |publisher=CNN |date=26 September 2014| accessdate=1 October 2014|quote=Under the agreement, moderate Muslim rebel groups fighting under the Supreme Military Council of Syria agreed to form an alliance with the predominantly Christian Syriac Military Council.}}","count":0,"key":96,"number":96,"name":"SyriacMilitaryCouncil","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-97":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url= http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/12/21/syria-christian-islamic-state/18915275 | title= Remaining Christians in Syria fight to save their land | publisher= USA Today | agency= | first1= Sophie| last1= Cousins | first2= | last2= | date= 22 December 2014 |accessdate=9 March 2015}}","key":97,"name":73,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-98":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web | url= http://www.yourmiddleeast.com/culture/a-glifmpse-into-the-world-of-syrias-christian-sutoro-fighters-video_24956 |last=Ahmad |first=Rozh | title= A glimpse into the world of Syria's Christian \"Sutoro\" fighters (video) |publisher= Your Middle East | date= 23 September 2014 |accessdate= 17 March 2015 |quote= The regime wants us to be puppets, deny our ethnicity and demand an Arab-only state.}}","key":98,"name":74,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-99":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.3news.co.nz/world/more-than-215000-killed-in-syria-since-2011-2015031605#axzz3UUZH4BeT|title=More than 215,000 killed in Syria since 2011|work=3news.co.nz}}","key":99,"name":75,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-100":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web\n|last1=International conflict\n|title=Iran to join, Russia already bombing Opposition's positions.\n|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/10/02/us-mideast-crisis-russia-syria-idUSKCN0RV41O20151002\n|website=Reuters.com\n|publisher=Reuters\n|accessdate=4 October 2015}}","key":100,"name":76,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-101":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/syria-crackdown-has-killed-5000-people-un-says/|title= Syria crackdown has killed 5,000 people, UN says}}","key":101,"name":77,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-102":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news\n|url= http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/02/22/bombardment-syria-s-homs-kills-21-people.html\n|title=Bombardment of Syria's homeless kills 21 people\n|authors=Khaled Yacoub Oweis, Erika Solomon\n|agency=Reuters\n|date=22 February 2012\n|accessdate=21 July 2014\n|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131003043133/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/02/22/bombardment-syria-s-homs-kills-21-people.html\n|archivedate=3 October 2013\n|deadurl=yes}}","key":102,"name":78,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-103":{"count":-1,"text":"[http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Countries/SY/ColSyriaDecember2012.pdf Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic established pursuant to United Nations Human Rights Council Resolutions S-17/1, 19/22 and 21/26 : Periodic Update, 20 December 2012]","key":103,"name":79,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-UNSectarian-104":{"text":"{{cite news\n|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/12/2012122015525051365.html\n|title=UN says Syria conflict is 'overtly sectarian'\n|date=20 December 2012\n}}","count":0,"key":104,"number":104,"name":"UNSectarian","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-105":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web\n|author=Martin Chulov\n|location=Najaf\n|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/mar/12/iraq-battle-dead-valley-peace-syria\n|title=Controlled by Iran, the deadly militia recruiting Iraq's men to die in Syria\n|date=12 March 2014\n|work=The Guardian\n|accessdate=21 May 2014\n}}","key":105,"name":80,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-106":{"count":-1,"text":"[http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21580162-sectarian-rivalry-reverberating-region-making-many-muslims \"Sunni v Shia, here and there\"].\n''The Economist''.\nRetrieved 14 September 2013.","key":106,"name":81,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-107":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web\n|url=https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/lebanonnews/nasrallah-says-hezbollah-will-not-bow-to-sectarian-threats\n|title=Nasrallah says Hezbollah will not bow to sectarian threats\n|publisher=NOW News\n|date=14 June 2013\n|accessdate=21 October 2013\n}}","key":107,"name":82,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-108":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web\n|url=http://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/65685\n|title=Syria Opposition Contradicts U.N., Says Conflict not Sectarian\n|publisher=[[Naharnet]]\n|date=22 December 2012\n|accessdate=21 October 2013\n}}","key":108,"name":83,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-Hezbollah_2013-109":{"text":"{{cite news\n|url=http://news.yahoo.com/hezbollah-chief-says-group-fighting-syria-162721809.html\n|title=Hezbollah chief says group is fighting in Syria\n|agency=Associated Press\n|date=25 May 2013\n|accessdate=25 May 2013\n|author=Bassem Mroue\n}}","count":2,"key":109,"number":109,"name":"Hezbollah_2013","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-AlNusraDaraa-110":{"text":"{{cite web\n|url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/threat-matrix/archives/2012/11/al_nusrah_front_claims_3_more.php\n|title=Al Nusrah Front claims 3 more suicide attacks in Daraa|date=27 November 2012\n|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202011654/http://www.longwarjournal.org/threat-matrix/archives/2012/11/al_nusrah_front_claims_3_more.php\n|archivedate=2 December 2012\n}}","count":1,"key":110,"number":110,"name":"AlNusraDaraa","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-guardproxy-111":{"text":"{{cite news |url= http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/dec/15/saudia-arabia-iran-proxy-war-syria|title=Saudi Arabia and Iran must end their proxy war in Syria |author= |work=The Gurdian |date=15 December 2013 |accessdate=30 November 2015}}","count":0,"key":111,"number":111,"name":"guardproxy","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-112":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web\n|url=http://news.yahoo.com/arming-syria-rebels-us-drawn-proxy-war-190907079.html\n|title=By arming Syria rebels, US drawn into proxy war\n|date=15 June 2013\n|work=Yahoo News\n}}","key":112,"name":84,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-turnproxy-113":{"text":"{{cite news\n|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/13/world/middleeast/syria-russia-airstrikes.html?_r=0\n|title=U.S. Weaponry Is Turning Syria Into Proxy War With Russia\n|author=\n|work=The New York Times\n|accessdate=14 October 2015\n|date=12 October 2015\n}}","count":1,"key":113,"number":113,"name":"turnproxy","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-cain-114":{"text":"{{cite news\n|author=\n|url= http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/oct/04/john-mccain-russia-us-proxy-war-syria-obama-putin\n|title=John McCain says US is engaged in proxy war with Russia in Syria\n|work=The Guardian\n|accessdate=17 October 2015\n|date=4 October 2015\n}}","count":0,"key":114,"number":114,"name":"cain","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-prox-115":{"text":"{{cite news\n|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2015/10/13/middleeast/syria-civil-war/index.html\n|title=U.S., Russia escalate involvement in Syria\n|author=\n|work=CNN\n|accessdate=17 October 2015\n|date=13 October 2015}}","count":0,"key":115,"number":115,"name":"prox","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-stupid-116":{"text":"{{cite news\n|last= |first=\n|title=\"The Russians have made a serious mistake\": how Putin's Syria gambit will backfire\n|publisher=The VOA\n|date=1 October 2015\n|url=http://www.vox.com/2015/10/1/9434365/putin-syria-russia-mistake\n|access-date=17 October 2015\n}}","count":0,"key":116,"number":116,"name":"stupid","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-proto-117":{"text":"{{cite news\n|url= http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/10/16/world/middleeast/untangling-the-overlapping-conflicts-in-the-syrian-war.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=photo-spot-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news&_r=0\n|title=Untangling the Overlapping Conflicts in the Syrian War\n|author=\n|work=The New York Times\n|accessdate=19 October 2015\n|date=18 October 2015\n}}","count":0,"key":117,"number":117,"name":"proto","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-118":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news\n|author=Hubbard, Ben\n|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/18/world/middleeast/momentum-shifts-in-syria-bolstering-assads-position.html\n|title=Momentum Shifts in Syria, Bolstering Assad's Position\n|work=The New York Times |date=17 July 2013\n|accessdate=10 August 2013\n}}","key":118,"name":85,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-janes-119":{"text":"{{cite web\n|url=http://www.janes.com/article/53771/syrian-government-no-longer-controls-83-of-the-country\n|title=Syrian government no longer controls 83% of the country \u2013 IHS Jane's 360\n|publisher=janes.com\n|accessdate=21 October 2015\n}}","count":0,"key":119,"number":119,"name":"janes","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-businessinsider1-120":{"text":"{{cite web\n|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/r-islamic-state-and-syrian-government-committing-war-crimes-un-2014-8\n|title=UN Details Rampant War Crimes By ISIS And Assad's Regime\n|date=27 August 2014\n| accessdate=15 October 2014\n}}","count":0,"key":120,"number":120,"name":"businessinsider1","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-121":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news\n|last1=Abdelaziz\n|first1=Salma\n|title=Syrian rebels blame 'heinous' executions on 'extremists'\n|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2012/11/02/world/meast/syria-civil-war/index.html\n|website=CNN\n|accessdate=15 October 2014\n}}","key":121,"name":86,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-theguardian.com-122":{"text":"{{cite web\n|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/27/syria-isis-war-crimes-united-nations-un\n|title=Syria and Isis committing war crimes, says UN\n|date=27 August 2014\n|accessdate=15 October 2014\n}}","count":0,"key":122,"number":122,"name":"theguardian.com","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-UN-20120524-123":{"text":"{{cite news\n|title=UN human rights probe panel reports continuing 'gross' violations in Syria\n|url=http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=42079\n|date=24 May 2012 |publisher=United Nations\n|accessdate=12 September 2013}}","count":0,"key":123,"number":123,"name":"UN-20120524","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-124":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web\n|title=UN chief warns of Syrian civil war if massacres continue\n|url=http://article.wn.com/view/2012/05/31/UN_chief_warns_of_Syrian_civil_war_if_massacres_continue/\n|website=WN\n|accessdate=15 October 2014\n}}","key":124,"name":87,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-reutersstart-125":{"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-idUSKCN0VA2OT |title=U.N. announces start of Syria peace talks as government troops advance |publisher= Reuters|accessdate=2 February 2016|date=1 February 2016}}","count":2,"key":125,"number":125,"name":"reutersstart","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-reutersrageon-126":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-idUSKCN0VB1CQ|title=Syrian army threatens to encircle Aleppo as talks falter|author=|work=Reuters|accessdate=4 February 2016|date=3 February 2016}}","count":1,"key":126,"number":126,"name":"reutersrageon","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-127":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite journal\n|author=Douglas Little\n|year=1990\n|title=Cold War and Covert Action: The United States and Syria, 1945\u20131958.\n|journal= Middle East Journal\n|volume=44\n|issue=1\n|url=http://www.jstor.org/pss/4328056\n}}","key":127,"name":88,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-128":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web\n|url=http://coat.ncf.ca/our_magazine/links/issue51/articles/51_12-13.pdf\n|title=1949\u20131958, Syria: Early Experiments in 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2014}}","key":430,"name":334,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-431":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2014/08/14/uk-syria-crisis-town-idUKKBN0GE0MN20140814|title=Syrian army takes town near Damascus in blow to rebels|work=Reuters UK|accessdate=1 April 2015|date=14 August 2014}}","key":431,"name":335,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-alarabiya-432":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2014/08/13/ISIS-militants-seize-more-territory-in-Syria-.html|title=en/News/middle-east/2014/08/13/ISIS-militants-seize-more-territory-in-Syria-|publisher=english.alarabiya.net|accessdate=21 October 2015}}","count":0,"key":432,"number":432,"name":"alarabiya","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-433":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news | url=http://www.indianmonitor.com/index.php/world/item/49001-islamic-militants-crush-tribal-uprising-in-syria-washington-post | title=Islamic militants crush tribal uprising in Syria | work=Indian Monitor | date=11 August 2014 | agency=Washington Post | accessdate=7 June 2015}}{{dead link|date=February 2016}}","key":433,"name":336,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-434":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/syriahroe/posts/568805753227767|title=Aleppo province: a man was killed with... \u2013 Syrian Observatory for Human Rights \u2013 Facebook|publisher=|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":434,"name":337,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-435":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://news.uk.msn.com/world/22-killed-in-syria-car-bomb-blast|title=World \u2013 News \u2013 msn|work=MSN|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":435,"name":338,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-436":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://kurdishandsyriannewsagency.blogspot.co.uk/|title=Kurdish and Syrian News Agency|author=Kansa International|publisher=|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":436,"name":339,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-437":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/143590-is-killed-more-than-700-syria-tribe-members-in-2-weeks|title= IS Killed More than 700 Syria Tribe Members in 2 Weeks|work=Naharnet|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":437,"name":340,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-438":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://news.yahoo.com/lebanons-hezbollah-kills-top-jihadist-syria-ngo-102414478.html|title=Lebanon's Hezbollah kills top jihadist in Syria: NGO|date=19 August 2014|work=Yahoo News|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":438,"name":341,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-439":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.abna.ir/english/service/middle-east-west-asia/archive/2014/08/19/632095/story.html|title=ISIL commander 'Abu Abdullah al-Iraqi' killed in Syrian army operation: report|date=19 August 2014|publisher=|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":439,"name":342,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-440":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Aug-19/267659-isis-commander-killed-by-syrian-army-report.ashx#axzz3Ar3WrUcI|title=Hezbollah kills suicide bombing plotter: activists|work=The Daily Star Newspaper \u2013 Lebanon|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":440,"name":343,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-441":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.wbur.org/2013/05/03/foley-family-syrian-prison|title=N.H. Family: Missing Journalist James Foley In Syrian Prison|author=Curt Nickisch|date=3 May 2013|work=WBUR|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":441,"name":344,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-442":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.thewire.com/global/2014/08/isil-beheads-photojournalist-james-wright-foley/378802/|title=ISIL Beheads American Photojournalist James Foley|author=Polly Mosendz|work=The Wire|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":442,"name":345,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-443":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/20/islamic-state-isis-foreign-hostages-syria-aleppo?CMP=twt_gu|title=Islamic State militants seize four more foreign hostages in Syria|author=Martin Chulov|work=the Guardian|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":443,"name":346,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-444":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web | url=http://www.cpj.org/2014/08/james-foleys-killers-pose-many-threats-to-local-in.php | title=James Foley's killers pose many threats to local, international journalists | publisher=[[Committee to Protect Journalists]] | date=20 August 2014 | accessdate=21 August 2014}}{{dead link|date=February 2016}}","key":444,"name":347,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-445":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Lebanon-News/2014/Aug-23/268253-captured-soldiers-they-will-kill-us-if-hezbollah-remains-in-syria.ashx#axzz3BDVtnrhv|title=Captured soldiers: They will kill us, if Hezbollah remains in Syria|work=The Daily Star Newspaper \u2013 Lebanon|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":445,"name":348,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-446":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.almasdarnews.com/article/breaking-news-tabqa-airbase-syrian-army-longer-encircled/|title=Breaking News from Tabqa Airbase: Syrian Army No Longer Encircled|work=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":446,"name":349,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-aljazeera.com-447":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/08/islamic-state-syria-raqqa-2014823142435185199.html|title=Syrian army repels Islamic State attack|publisher=|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","count":1,"key":447,"number":447,"name":"aljazeera.com","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-448":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.almanar.com.lb/english/adetails.php?fromval=1&cid=23&frid=23&eid=167132|title=Third ISIL Attempt to Seize Tabaqa Airport Fails|publisher=|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":448,"name":350,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-449":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1127375/isis-begins-push-to-seize-syrian-air-base|title=ISIS begins push to seize Syrian air base|author=AFP|publisher=|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":449,"name":351,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-450":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/23/us-air-strikes-isis-commanders-syria-considered|title=US 'set to launch air strikes' on senior Isis terror chiefs in Syria \u2013 World news \u2013 The Observer|author=Toby Helm|work=the Guardian|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":450,"name":352,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-451":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/jihadists-seize-syria-s/1328194.html|title=Jihadists seize Syria's Tabqa airport after fierce battle|work=Channel NewsAsia|accessdate=2 October 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826114330/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/jihadists-seize-syria-s/1328194.html|archivedate=26 August 2014|deadurl=yes}}","key":451,"name":353,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-452":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://citizen.co.za/afp_feed_article/more-than-500-dead-in-battle-for-syrias-tabqa-airport-ngo/|title=More than 500 dead in battle for Syria's Tabqa airport: NGO|work=The Citizen|accessdate=25 October 2014}}","key":452,"name":354,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-453":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/youtube-video-posted-by-isis-militants-shows-execution-of-250-syrian-soldiers-9697532.html|work=Independent|title=YouTube video posted by Isis militants shows 'execution of 250 Syrian soldiers'|date=28 August 2014|accessdate=29 August 2014|location=London|first=Heather|last=Saul}}","key":453,"name":355,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-454":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/world/syria-war-planes-hit-jihadist-sites-in-deir-ezzor_1460674.html|title=Syria war planes hit jihadist sites in Deir Ezzor|work=Zee News|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":454,"name":356,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-455":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.almanar.com.lb/english/adetails.php?eid=167649&frid=23&seccatid=20&cid=23&fromval=1|title=Syria Warplanes Strike ISIL Sites in Deir Ezour, Army Operates across Country|publisher=|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":455,"name":357,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-456":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/22/world/meast/u-s-airstrikes-isis-syria/index.html?hpt=hp_t1|title=U.S. airstrikes hit ISIS targets inside Syria \u2013 CNN.com|date=23 September 2014|work=CNN|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":456,"name":358,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-457":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2014/09/23/us-launches-first-wave-bombing-strikes-over-syria/|title=US, Arab allies launch first wave of strikes in Syria|work=Fox News|accessdate=2 October 2014|date=23 September 2014}}","key":457,"name":359,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-458":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://online.wsj.com/articles/syria-opposition-says-it-was-informed-strikes-would-begin-1411459825|title=Syria Rebels Say They Were Told of Airstrikes Against Islamic State|date=23 September 2014|work=WSJ|accessdate=2 October 2014|first=Maria|last=Abi-Habib}}","key":458,"name":360,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-459":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://eaworldview.com/2014/09/syria-daily-us-airstrikes-missiles-hit-islamic-state/#kobane|title=Syria Daily, Sept 23: US Airstrikes & Missiles Hit Islamic State|work=EA WorldView|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":459,"name":361,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-460":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://english.yenisafak.com/world/erdogan-asks-un-for-no-fly-zone-over-syria-2024442|title=Erdogan asks UN for no-fly zone over Syria|publisher=|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":460,"name":362,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-461":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.617329|title=IDF shoots down Syrian fighter plane infiltrating Israeli territory|date=23 September 2014|work=Haaretz.com|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":461,"name":363,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-462":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-29474879|title=BBC News \u2013 Islamic State steps up attack on Syrian town of Kobane|work=BBC News|accessdate=14 October 2014|date=4 October 2014}}","key":462,"name":364,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-463":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2803457/Syria-destroys-two-warplanes-used-ISIS-train-fighter-pilots-terrorist-airforce.html|title=Syria destroys two warplanes used by ISIS to train fighter pilots|work=Mail Online|accessdate=23 October 2014|location=London|date=22 October 2014}}","key":463,"name":365,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-464":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-29720384|title=BBC News \u2013 Syria conflict: '200 air force strikes' in 36 hours|work=BBC News|accessdate=23 October 2014|date=22 October 2014}}","key":464,"name":366,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-reuters-20141022-465":{"text":"{{cite news |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2014/10/22/uk-mideast-crisis-syria-jets-idUKKCN0IB1H220141022 |title=Syria says shoots down two of three Islamic State jets |author=Oliver Holmes |publisher=Reuters |date=22 October 2014 |accessdate=26 October 2014}}","count":0,"key":465,"number":465,"name":"reuters-20141022","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-466":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-30991612 |title=Syrian Kurds 'drive Islamic State out of Kobane' |date=26 January 2015 |accessdate=26 January 2015 |agency=BBC News}}","key":466,"name":367,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-467":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://syriahr.com/en/2015/01/ypg-retakes-the-entire-city-of-ayn-al-arab-kobani-after-112-days-of-clashes-with-is-militants-2/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016201939/http://www.syriahr.com/en/2015/01/ypg-retakes-the-entire-city-of-ayn-al-arab-kobani-after-112-days-of-clashes-with-is-militants-2/ |archivedate=16 October 2015 |deadurl=yes |title=YPG retakes the entire city of Ayn al- Arab \"Kobani\" after 112 days of clashes with IS militants|author=sohranas|work=Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|accessdate=27 January 2015}}","key":467,"name":368,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-468":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/01/31/uk-mideast-crisis-syria-kobani-idUKKBN0L40U820150131?rpc=401|title=U.S. general says Syrian town of Kobani taken from Islamic State|publisher=Reuters|accessdate=31 January 2015|first=Mohammad|last=Zargham|date=31 January 2015}}","key":468,"name":369,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-469":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.ctvnews.ca/world/isis-admits-kobani-defeat-after-u-s-led-airstrike-campaign-in-syria-1.2214806#ixzz3QPipE3Aw |title=ISIS admits Kobani defeat after U.S.-led airstrike campaign in Syria |date=31 January 2015 |accessdate=31 January 2015 |publisher=CTV News |agency=Associated Press |quote=Members of the Islamic State group have acknowledged for the first time that they were defeated in the Syrian town of Kobani.}}","key":469,"name":370,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-470":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2015/02/regime-syria-daraa-southern-front-opposition.html|title=Syria opposition forces claim regime attack in Daraa futile|publisher=Al Monitor|accessdate=20 February 2015}}","key":470,"name":371,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-471":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://syriahr.com/en/2015/03/26-members-of-the-regime-forces-and-allied-militiamen-killed-today/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150915174801/http://www.syriahr.com/en/2015/03/26-members-of-the-regime-forces-and-allied-militiamen-killed-today/ |archivedate=15 September 2015 |deadurl=yes |title=26 members of the regime forces and allied militiamen killed today|author=sohranas|work=Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|accessdate=4 March 2015}}","key":471,"name":372,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-472":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/EjmAlrai/status/572311004123680768|title=Elijah J. Magnier on Twitter|work=Twitter|accessdate=4 March 2015}}","key":472,"name":373,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-Reuters_2April2015-473":{"text":"{{cite news | url= http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/04/02/us-mideast-crisis-syria-idUSKBN0MT1R420150402 |title= As regional war rages, Syria's Assad faces setbacks |last1=Perry |first1=Tom | last2=Al-Khalidi |first2= Suleiman |publisher= Reuters |date= 2 April 2015 |accessdate= 14 April 2015 |quote= But the offensive stalled after some early but limited gains}}","count":0,"key":473,"number":473,"name":"Reuters_2April2015","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-march-474":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2015/0311/Syrian-rebels-march-on-Damascus-becomes-fight-for-their-survival|title=Syrian rebels' march on Damascus becomes fight for their survival (+video)|author=The Christian Science Monitor|work=The Christian Science Monitor|accessdate=15 April 2015}}","count":0,"key":474,"number":474,"name":"march","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-FT_13_Feb_2015-475":{"text":"{{cite news|url= http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/16a10034-df6c-11e4-b6da-00144feab7de.html |title= Syria's rebels heartened by healing of Sunni Arab rifts |last1=Solomon |first1=Erika |last2=Kerr |first2=Simeon | publisher= Financial Times |date= 13 April 2015 |accessdate= 13 April 2015 |quote= In the south, opposition forces foiled an offensive led by regime allies [...] for the first time since their revolution began, rebels note that advances in the north and south are coinciding, and their backers' two operating rooms \u2013 one in Turkey used by Ankara and Doha, and another in Jordan used more by Saudi Arabia and Western allies \u2013 appear to be co-ordinating}}","count":0,"key":475,"number":475,"name":"FT_13_Feb_2015","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-476":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news | url= http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2015/0421/Can-Syria-s-Assad-withstand-latest-battlefield-setbacks-video |title= Can Syria's Assad withstand latest battlefield setbacks? (+video) | publisher= Christian Science Monitor | agency= |last= Blanford |first= Nicholas |date= 21 August 2015 |accessdate= 22 April 2015 |quote=The regime's recent setbacks in Idlib and the south are due in part to Assad's regional enemies \u2013 including Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Qatar, and Jordan \u2013 agreeing on the need to unite rebel factions to oust Assad, according to analysts and regional diplomats.}}","key":476,"name":374,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-477":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2014/11/01/245423_in-setback-islamic-state-nusra.html |title=US-backed forces in Syria suffer big setback |date=1 November 2014 |accessdate=3 November 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/20141207001145/http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2014/11/01/245423_in-setback-islamic-state-nusra.html |archivedate=7 December 2014 }}","key":477,"name":375,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-478":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url= http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/us-backed-syria-rebels-routed-by-fighters-linked-to-al-qaeda/2014/11/02/7a8b1351-8fb7-4f7e-a477-66ec0a0aaf34_story.html|title=U.S.-backed Syria rebels routed by fighters linked to al-Qaeda|date= 2 November 2014|accessdate= 3 November 2014|work=The Washington Post|first=Liz|last=Sly}}","key":478,"name":376,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-479":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url= http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2014/12/15/al-qaeda-faction-in-syria-claims-to-have-u-s-supplied-anti-tank-weapon/ |title = Al-Qaeda faction in Syria claims to have U.S.-supplied anti-tank weapon |publisher= The Washington Post |first1= Thomas |last1=Gibbons-Neff | date= 15 December 2014 | accessdate= 3 June 2015 |quote= The fielding of a TOW system would not necessarily provide al-Nusra with a capability it didn't already have. Similar weapons systems such as the Chinese HJ-8, French Milan and the Russian Spigot have all been seen in operation in Syria.}}","key":479,"name":377,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-480":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url= http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/04/14/us-mideast-crisis-syria-south-idUSKBN0N511N20150414?irpc=932 |title= Southern Syria rebels set collision course with al Qaeda|work= Reuters | date=14 April 2015}}","key":480,"name":378,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-Lister-481":{"text":"{{cite news | url= http://www.huffingtonpost.com/charles-lister/an-internal-struggle-al-q_b_7479730.html |title = An Internal Struggle: Al Qaeda's Syrian Affiliate Is Grappling With Its Identity | publisher= Huffington Post |last= Lister |first= Charles | date= 1 June 2015 |accessdate= 1 June 2015 | quote= But not all saw it the same way, especially when it came to the fighting against the SRF and Harakat Hazm. One FSA commander exclaimed to this author that \"Jamal Maarouf was a criminal and his group was unpopular,\" while another such leader told this author in February 2015 that \"Hazm's destruction cannot come soon enough, they have done nothing but cause trouble in Aleppo.\" [\u2026] Having spoken extensively with leading commanders from across the Syrian spectrum in recent weeks, it is clear this [Army of Conquest] cooperation has at least partly been motivated by a desire to ensure victories in Idlib do not become strategic gains for al Qaeda.}}","count":1,"key":481,"number":481,"name":"Lister","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-482":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web | url = https://iwpr.net/global-voices/after-syrian-armys-defeat-people-trickle-back |title = After Syrian Army's Defeat, People Trickle Back to Idlib Towns |publisher= IWPR |last= al-Akla |first = Ahmad |date= 8 May 2015 |accessdate= 29 May 2015 |quote= }}","key":482,"name":379,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-483":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://carnegie-mec.org/2015/03/24/nusra-front-s-game-changing-rise-in-syria/i4v0|title=The Nusra Front's Game-Changing Rise in Syria|work=Carnegie Middle East Center|accessdate=21 September 2015}}","key":483,"name":380,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-484":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.france24.com/en/20150330-islamists-syria-seize-idlib-nusra-jaish-fath|title=Middle East \u2013 New Islamist alliance seizes Idlib from Syrian troops \u2013 France 24|work=France 24}}","key":484,"name":381,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-485":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://uk.blastingnews.com/politics/2015/03/new-islamist-alliance-captures-syrian-regional-capital-idlib-from-government-forces-00328405.html|title=New Islamist alliance captures Syrian regional capital Idlib from government forces|author=Blasting News|work=Blasting 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web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/2015/05/after-al-mastomi-town-and-its-military-camp-al-fateh-army-expels-the-regime-forces-from-nihlaya/|title=After al- Mastomi town and its military camp, Al- Fateh Army expels the regime forces from Nihlaya|author=sohranas|work=Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|accessdate=22 May 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150522083456/http://www.syriahr.com/en/2015/05/after-al-mastomi-town-and-its-military-camp-al-fateh-army-expels-the-regime-forces-from-nihlaya/|archivedate=22 May 2015|deadurl=yes}}","key":489,"name":386,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-490":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2015/May-29/299703-rebels-take-ariha-from-assad.ashx|title=Rebels take Ariha from Assad|work=The Daily Star Newspaper \u2013 Lebanon}}","key":490,"name":387,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-491":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite 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}}","count":0,"key":493,"number":493,"name":"North_mountains_gains","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-494":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|title=ISIS is 'everywhere' in Syria's ancient city of Palmyra|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/05/21/middleeast/isis-syria-iraq/|publisher=CNN|date=21 May 2015}}","key":494,"name":390,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-495":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/is-overruns-parts-of-unesco-listed-syrian-city-115052001311_1.html|title=IS overruns parts of Unesco-listed Syrian city|accessdate=20 May 2015}}","key":495,"name":391,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-496":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/2015/05/islamic-state-carry-out-its-moto-staying-and-explading-and-seizes-more-than-50-of-syria/|title=Islamic State carries out its motto \"lasting and explading\" and seizes more than 50% of Syria|author=sohranas|work=Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|accessdate=21 May 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web|url=http://www.thenational.ae/world/middle-east/syria-regime-launches-15-air-raids-around-palmyra|title=Syria regime launches 15 air raids around Palmyra|publisher=}}","key":499,"name":395,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-500":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news | url= http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/11663774/Assads-forces-defeated-on-roads-north-and-south.html |title= Assad's forces defeated on roads north and south | publisher= The Telegraph |agency= |last1= Spencer |first1= Richard |last2= |first2= |date= 9 June 2015 |accessdate= 10 June 2015 |quote= Meanwhile, Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, attacked west from Palmyra, reached the town of Hassia on the main road north from Damascus to Homs and the coast. |location=London}}","key":500,"name":396,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-501":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news | url= https://www.stratfor.com/analysis/islamic-state-launches-two-attacks-syria |title= Islamic State Launches Two Attacks in Syria |last= |first= |publisher= Stratfor |agency= |last1= |first1= |date= 25 June 2015 |accessdate= 25 June 2015 |quote= The Islamic State launched two attacks in northern Syria on June 25 [\u2026] The second attack was directed against the parts of al-Hasaka city still occupied by forces loyal to Syrian President Bashar al Assad and Kurds in the northern part of town. The mainstream media has largely focused on the Koban\u00ee attack, but the al-Hasaka operation in the northeast is more important by far.}}","key":501,"name":397,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-502":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news | url= http://www.thestar.com.my/News/World/2015/06/26/Islamic-State-attack-in-northeast-Syria-reported-to-displace-60000--UN/ |title= Islamic State attack in northeast Syria reported to displace 60,000 \u2013 UN |publisher= The Star Online |agency=Reuters |last1= |first1= |date= 26 June 2015 |accessdate= 26 June 2015 |quote= }}","key":502,"name":398,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-yahoonews-503":{"text":"{{cite news|last1=Bertrand|first1=Natasha|title=Senior Western official: Links between Turkey and ISIS are now 'undeniable'|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/links-between-turkey-and-isis-are-now-undeniable-2015-7|date=28 July 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Rudaw.net.","key":718,"name":521,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-ISISNorthSyria-719":{"text":"{{cite news|title=Al Qaeda-linked group strengthens hold in northern Syria|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/11/05/world/europe/syria-turkey-al-qaeda/|author=Gul Tuysuz, Raja Razek, Nick Paton Walsh|publisher=CNN|date=6 November 2013|accessdate=3 December 2013}}","count":0,"key":719,"number":719,"name":"ISISNorthSyria","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-AI-720":{"text":"{{cite web|title=Syria: Harrowing torture, summary killings in secret ISIS detention centres|url=http://www.amnesty.org/en/news/syria-harrowing-torture-summary-killings-secret-isis-detention-centres-2013-12-19|work=19 December 2013|publisher=Amnesty International|accessdate=3 January 2014}}","count":0,"key":720,"number":720,"name":"AI","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-birke1-721":{"text":"{{cite journal|last=Birke|first=Sarah|title=How al-Qaeda Changed the Syrian War|journal=New York Review of Books|date=27 December 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2015}}","key":726,"name":525,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-727":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.defense.gov/News-Article-View/Article/621107/airstrikes-hit-isil-terrorists-in-syria-iraq|title=Airstrikes Hit ISIL Terrorists in Syria, Iraq|date=30 September 2015|work=U.S. Department of Defense|accessdate=1 October 2015}}","key":727,"name":526,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-728":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|last1=Zaman|first1=Amberin|title=Syrian Kurds continue to blame Turkey for backing ISIS militants|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/ru/originals/2014/06/zaman-syria-kurds-rojava-ypg-muslim-pyd-pkk-turkey-isis.html#|agency=[[Al-Monitor]]|date=10 June 2014}}","key":728,"name":527,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-729":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|last1=Wilgenburg|first1=Wladimir van|title=Kurdish security chief: Turkey must end support for 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[[France 24]].","key":762,"name":553,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-763":{"count":-1,"text":"{{citation|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/26/isis-syria-turkey-us|title=Turkey sends in jets as Syria's agony spills over every border|date=26 July 2015|accessdate=7 September 2015}}","key":763,"name":554,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-764":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/turkey-created-a-monster-and-doesnt-know-how-to-deal-with-it-2015-2|title=Turkey 'created a monster and doesn't know how to deal with it'|date=19 February 2015|accessdate=7 September 2015}}","key":764,"name":555,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-765":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|last1=Sherfinski|first1=David|title=Both sides of Congress have own red lines for Obama's action in Syria|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/sep/11/both-sides-of-congress-have-own-red-lines-for-obam/|work=Washington Times|accessdate=11 September 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2014}}","key":767,"name":558,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-768":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|last1=Fanack|title=Regional Opposition to US Policies in the Middle East|url=https://chronicle.fanack.com/specials/international-affairs/regional-opposition-to-us-policies-in-the-middle-east/|website=Fanack.com|accessdate=13 July 2015}}","key":768,"name":559,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-769":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|title = Turkey Agrees to Assist U.S. With Airstrikes Against ISIS|url = http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/06/12/world/middleeast/the-iraq-isis-conflict-in-maps-photos-and-video.html|newspaper = The New York Times|date = 12 June 2014|access-date = 7 October 2015|issn = 0362-4331}}","key":769,"name":560,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-770":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite report|title=Foreign Fighters \u2013 An Updated Assessment of the Flow of Foreign Fighters into Syria and Iraq|url=http://soufangroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/TSG_ForeignFightersUpdate3.pdf|publisher=Soufan Group||date=December 2015|accessdate=12 December 2015}}","key":770,"name":561,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-Violations_Documenting_Center-771":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.vdc-sy.org/index.php/en/home|title=Statistics for the number of martyrs|date=3 June 2013|publisher=Violations Documenting Center}}","count":1,"key":771,"number":771,"name":"Violations_Documenting_Center","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-Violations_Documenting_Center1-772":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.vdc-sy.org/index.php/en/otherstatistics|title=Other statistics|date=3 June 2013|publisher=Violations Documenting Center}}","count":0,"key":772,"number":772,"name":"Violations_Documenting_Center1","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-shuhadamain-773":{"text":"{{cite web |url=http://syrianshuhada.com/?lang=en&|title=Syrian Martyrs |publisher=Free Syria |accessdate=2 May 2013}}","count":0,"key":773,"number":773,"name":"shuhadamain","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-deathtolljump-774":{"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/01/02/world/meast/syria-civil-war/index.html |title=U.N.'s Syria death toll jumps dramatically to 60,000-plus|date=3 January 2013 | work=CNN}}","count":0,"key":774,"number":774,"name":"deathtolljump","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-UN80000Dead-775":{"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-22886730 |title=Syria death toll at least 93,000, says UN |publisher=BBC News |date= 13 June 2013}}","count":0,"key":775,"number":775,"name":"UN80000Dead","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-UN-776":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.timesofoman.com/News/Article-20325.aspx |title=More than 2,000 killed in Syria since Ramadan began |work=Times of Oman |date=25 July 2013 |accessdate=27 August 2013}}{{dead link|date=February 2016}}","count":0,"key":776,"number":776,"name":"UN","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-UN1-777":{"text":"{{cite news|title=U.N. says Syria death toll has likely surpassed 100,000|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/world/worldnow/la-fg-wn-un-syria-death-toll-20130613,0,2953708.story|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=13 June 2013|first=Patrick J.|last=McDonnell}}","count":0,"key":777,"number":777,"name":"UN1","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-778":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-21228039|title=Syria crisis: Solidarity amid suffering in Homs|publisher=BBC|date=29 January 2013|accessdate=29 January 2013}}","key":778,"name":562,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-779":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|last=Enders |first=David |url=http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2012/11/06/173808/deaths-in-syria-down-from-peak.html |title=Deaths in Syria down from peak; army casualties outpacing rebels'|date=6 November 2012 |accessdate=14 November 2012}}","key":779,"name":563,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-780":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.arabnews.com/node/405908|title=400 children killed in Syria unrest |publisher=Arab News|date=8 February 2012 |accessdate=28 January 2013|location=Geneva }}","key":780,"name":564,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-npr-781":{"text":"{{cite web |last=Peralta |first=Eyder |url=http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2012/02/03/146346490/rights-group-says-syrian-security-forces-detained-tortured-children |title=Rights Group Says Syrian Security Forces Detained, Tortured Children: The Two-Way |publisher=NPR |date=3 February 2012 }}","count":0,"key":781,"number":781,"name":"npr","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-782":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/06/world/middleeast/hundreds-tortured-in-syria-human-rights-group-says.html |work=The New York Times |first=Kareem |last=Fahim |title=Hundreds Tortured in Syria, Human Rights Group Says |date=5 January 2012|accessdate=12 March 2013 }}","key":782,"name":565,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-783":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/160978#.UH2WesU3tCg |title=Fighting Continues in Syria |publisher=Arutz Sheva|date=16 October 2012 |accessdate=25 October 2012}}","key":783,"name":566,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-784":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|author=Ian Black, Middle East editor |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jan/20/evidence-industrial-scale-killing-syria-war-crimes?view=desktop |title=Syrian regime document trove shows evidence of 'industrial scale' killing of detainees |publisher=Theguardian.com |accessdate=21 May 2014}}","key":784,"name":567,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-785":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/08/22/world/meast/syria-conflict/index.html?hpt=imi_c2|title=More than 191,000 dead in Syria conflict, U.N. finds \u2013 CNN.com|author=Laura Smith-Spark, CNN|date=22 August 2014|work=CNN|accessdate=1 April 2015}}","key":785,"name":568,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-786":{"count":-1,"text":"{{Cite news|title = Report on Syria conflict finds 11.5% of population killed or injured|url = http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/feb/11/report-on-syria-conflict-finds-115-of-population-killed-or-injured|newspaper = The Guardian|date = 11 February 2016|access-date = 11 February 2016|first = Ian|last = Black}}","key":786,"name":569,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-Suppressed-787":{"text":"{{cite journal|last=Sparrow|first=Annie|title=Syria's Polio Epidemic: The Suppressed Truth|journal=New York Review|date=20 February 2014|url=http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2014/feb/20/syrias-polio-epidemic-suppressed-truth/?insrc=hpma&utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=email&utm_term=*Mideast%20Brief&utm_campaign=Mideast%20Brief%201-22-2014|accessdate=23 January 2014|quote=Even before the uprising, in areas considered politically unsympathetic like Deir Ezzor, the government stopped maintaining sanitation and safe-water services, and began withholding routine immunizations for preventable childhood diseases. Once the war began, the government started ruthless attacks on civilians in opposition-held areas, forcing millions to seek refuge in filthy, crowded, and cold conditions.}}","count":0,"key":787,"number":787,"name":"Suppressed","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-aljazeera-3-17-2015-788":{"text":"{{cite news|last1=Al Rifai|first1=Diana|last2=Haddad|first2=Mohammed |title=What's left of Syria?|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/interactive/2015/03/left-syria-150317133753354.html|accessdate=21 March 2015|agency=Al-jazeera|date=17 March 2015}}","count":2,"key":788,"number":788,"name":"aljazeera-3-17-2015","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-200krefugees-789":{"text":"see also: {{cite news|title=Syria crisis: Number of refugees rises to 200,000|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-19370506|accessdate=24 August 2012|date=24 August 2012|publisher=BBC News}}","count":0,"key":789,"number":789,"name":"200krefugees","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-NYT5Sep-790":{"text":"\"[http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2013/09/05/world/middleeast/Syrian-Refugees-in-Lebanon.html Syrian Refugees in Lebanon],\" ''The New York Times'', 5 September 2013","count":0,"key":790,"number":790,"name":"NYT5Sep","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-791":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.astrium-geo.com/en/4807-syrian-refugee-camps-in-turkish-territory-interactive-web-report |title=Syrian refugee camps in Turkish territory tracked by satellite |publisher=Astrium-geo.com}}","key":791,"name":570,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-792":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/08/29/us-syria-crisis-refugees-idUSKBN0GT0AX20140829|title=Syrian refugees top 3 million, half of all Syrians displaced: U.N.|publisher=Reuters|accessdate=2 October 2014|date=29 August 2014}}","key":792,"name":571,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-793":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|last1=Inbari|first1=Pinhas|title=Demographic Upheaval: How the Syrian War is Reshaping the Region|url=http://jcpa.org/article/syrian-war-is-reshaping-the-region/|publisher=Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs|accessdate=19 June 2014}}","key":793,"name":572,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-794":{"count":-1,"text":"\"[http://www.algemeiner.com/2013/10/18/syrian-civil-war-causes-one-third-of-country%E2%80%99s-christians-to-flee-their-homes/ Syrian Civil War Causes One-Third of Country's Christians to Flee Their Homes]\". ''The Algemeiner Journal''. 18 October 2013.","key":794,"name":573,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-795":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/afp/130313/un-must-refer-syria-war-crimes-icc-amnesty |title=UN must refer Syria war crimes to ICC: Amnesty |publisher=GlobalPost |accessdate=20 March 2014}}","key":795,"name":574,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-796":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/03/16/world/meast/syria-civil-war/index.html |title=Top Syrian general defects, says morale among forces at a low |publisher=CNN.com |accessdate=27 March 2014 |date=16 March 2013}}","key":796,"name":575,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-theguardian-797":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2014/jan/20/torture-of-persons-under-current-syrian-regime-report|title=A report into the credibility of certain evidence with regard to torture and execution of persons incarcerated by the current Syrian regime | World news | theguardian.com |publisher=theguardian.com|accessdate=21 October 2015}}","count":0,"key":797,"number":797,"name":"theguardian","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-798":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.aa.com.tr/en/u/333013--aa-reveals-new-set-of-photos-documenting-syria-war-crimes |title=syria war crimes |publisher=Aa.com.tr |accessdate=27 May 2014}}","key":798,"name":576,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-799":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|last=Heilprin|first=John|title=Syria Massacres: UN Probe Finds 8 Were Perpetrated By Syria Regime, 1 By Rebels|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/09/11/syria-massacres_n_3905323.html|publisher=Huffington Post|date=11 September 2013}}","key":799,"name":577,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-800":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/8-massacres-by-syria-regime-and-1-by-rebels-since-april-2012-un-war-crimes-report-shows/|work=CBS News|title=CBS News article | date=11 September 2013}}","key":800,"name":578,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-801":{"count":-1,"text":"[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-25100122 Syria conflict: Women 'targets of abuse and torture'], BBC, 26 November 2013.","key":801,"name":579,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-802":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2013/11/25/Report-rape-used-as-weapon-of-war-against-Syria-women-.html |title=Report: rape used as weapon of war against Syria women |publisher=English.alarabiya.net |accessdate=21 May 2014}}","key":802,"name":580,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-803":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/middle-east/syria/131126/6000-women-raped-during-syrian-conflict |title=6,000 cases of women raped during Syrian conflict, human rights group says |publisher=Globalpost.com |date=26 November 2013 |accessdate=21 May 2014}}","key":803,"name":581,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-804":{"count":-1,"text":"Sir Desmond de Silva QC, former chief prosecutor of the special court for Sierra Leone, Sir Geoffrey Nice QC, the former lead prosecutor of former Yugoslavian president Slobodan Milo\u0161evi\u0107, and Professor David Crane, who indicted President Charles Taylor of Liberia at the Sierra Leone court","key":804,"name":582,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-805":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://foreignaffairs.house.gov/photo-gallery/syria-army-defectors-photos|title=foreignaffairs.house.gov|publisher=|accessdate=2 October 2014}}","key":805,"name":583,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-806":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jan/20/evidence-industrial-scale-killing-syria-war-crimes|title=Syrian regime document trove shows evidence of 'industrial scale' killing of detainees|date=21 January 2014|publisher=theguardian|accessdate=21 January 2014}}","key":806,"name":584,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-807":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/01/20/world/syria-torture-photos-amanpour/|title=EXCLUSIVE: Gruesome Syria photos may prove torture by Assad regime|date=21 January 2014|publisher=CNN|accessdate=21 January 2014}}","key":807,"name":585,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-808":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|author=Stay informed today and every day |url=http://www.economist.com/blogs/pomegranate/2014/01/syrias-civil-war |title=Syria's civil war: War crimes and peace talks |publisher=Economist.com |date=30 January 2014 |accessdate=21 May 2014}}","key":808,"name":586,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-809":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|author=Martin Chulov in Beirut |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jan/30/syria-neighbourhoods-residents |title=The Guardian, 30 January 2014 |publisher=Theguardian.com |date=30 January 2014 |accessdate=21 May 2014}}","key":809,"name":587,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-UNHCRfeb2014-810":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/RegularSessions/Session25/Documents/A-HRC-25-65_en.doc|title=Report of the independent international commission of inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic|date=12 February 2014|accessdate=7 March 2014}}","count":1,"key":810,"number":810,"name":"UNHCRfeb2014","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-thenewage.co.za-811":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.thenewage.co.za/120337-1020-53-UN_decries_use_of_sieges_starvation_in_Syrian_military_strategy |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150713014155/http://www.thenewage.co.za/120337-1020-53-UN_decries_use_of_sieges_starvation_in_Syrian_military_strategy |archivedate=13 July 2015 |deadurl=yes |title=UN decries use of sieges, starvation in Syrian military strategy | The New Age Online |publisher=Thenewage.co.za |date=5 March 2014 |accessdate=20 March 2014}}","count":0,"key":811,"number":811,"name":"thenewage.co.za","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-MMHYarmouk-812":{"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/2014/03/03/3971810/yarmouk-update-nusras-apparent.html|title=Yarmouk update: Nusra's apparent return complicates UNRWA's hopes for food program|date=3 March 2014|accessdate=6 March 2014}}","count":0,"key":812,"number":812,"name":"MMHYarmouk","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-IRIN_removal-813":{"text":"{{cite news | last = Dyke | first = Joe | date = 24 July 2015 | title = Yarmouk camp no longer besieged, UN rules | url = http://www.irinnews.org/report/101781/yarmouk-camp-no-longer-besieged-un-rules | agency = [[IRIN]] | accessdate = 28 July 2015 }}","count":0,"key":813,"number":813,"name":"IRIN_removal","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-LAHT_UN_besieged-814":{"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.laht.com/article.asp?ArticleId=1706092&CategoryId=12395 |title=Latin American Herald Tribune \u2013 UN: Assad Regime Causing Mass Civilian Casualties in Syria |publisher=Laht.com |date=15 June 2013 |accessdate=27 March 2014}}","count":1,"key":814,"number":814,"name":"LAHT_UN_besieged","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-815":{"count":-1,"text":"Valerie Szybala et al. (March 2015). ''[https://www.sams-usa.net/foundation/images/PDFs/Slow%20Death_Syria%20Under%20Siege.pdf Slow Death: Life and Death in Syrian Communities Under Siege]''. Canfield, OH: Syrian American Medical Society. p.\u202f5.","key":815,"name":588,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-816":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2015/09/syria-civil-war-civilian-deaths/405496/ |title=Counting the Dead in Syria |work=[[The Atlantic]] |date=15 September 2015}}","key":816,"name":589,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-817":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/27/syria-isis-war-crimes-united-nations-un|title=Syria and Isis committing war crimes, says UN|date=27 August 2014|accessdate=29 August 2014}}","key":817,"name":590,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-818":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-29653526|title=syrias disappeared|date=11 November 2014|accessdate=11 November 2014|work=BBC News}}","key":818,"name":591,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-819":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|title=Syria: Sunnis Threatening to Massacre Minority Alawites|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/151013#.T1zwtitSSMd|agency=Arutz Sheva|date=23 December 2011|accessdate=11 March 2011|first=Elad|last=Behari}}","key":819,"name":592,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-820":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news | url= http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/11518232/In-Syrias-war-Alawites-pay-heavy-price-for-loyalty-to-Bashar-al-Assad.html |title= In Syria's war, Alawites pay heavy price for loyalty to Bashar al-Assad | publisher= The Daily Telegraph |last= Sherlock |first= Ruth |date= 7 April 2015 |location=London}}","key":820,"name":593,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-821":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/05/14/us-syria-crisis-deaths-idUSBRE94D0L420130514 |title=Syria Death Toll Likely As High As 120,000, Group Says |publisher=Reuters |date=14 May 2013 |accessdate=6 October 2013 |first=Mariam |last=Karouny}}","key":821,"name":594,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-822":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/14/world/middleeast/christians-squeezed-out-by-violent-struggle-in-north-syria.html?pagewanted=all | title=Christians Squeezed Out by Violent Struggle in North Syria | date=13 February 2013 | accessdate=6 April 2013 | author=G\u00fcsten, Susanne | work=The New York Times}}","key":822,"name":595,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-823":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/11/19/syria-s-christians-flee-kidnappings-rape-executions.html|title=Syria's Christians Flee Kidnappings, Rape, Executions |last=Dettmet|first=Jamie|date=19 November 2013|publisher=The Daily Beast |accessdate=20 November 2013}}","key":823,"name":596,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-824":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/06/druze-israel-syria-ambulance-attacked-150623010047887.html |title=Druze attack Israeli ambulance carrying wounded Syrians|date=23 June 2015|publisher=Al Jazeera}}","key":824,"name":597,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-825":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite news|last=Cave|first=Damein|title=Crime Wave Engulfs Syria as Its Cities Reel From War|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/10/world/middleeast/crime-wave-engulfs-syria-as-its-cities-reel-from-war.html|accessdate=26 August 2012|work=The New York Times|date=9 August 2012}}","key":825,"name":598,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-826":{"count":-1,"text":"{{cite web|url=http://www.womenundersiegeproject.org/blog/entry/the-ultimate-assault-charting-syrias-use-of-rape-to-terrorize-its-people|title=The ultimate assault: Charting Syria's use of rape to terrorize its people|publisher=Women Under Siege|date=11 July 2012|accessdate=27 August 2012}}","key":826,"name":599,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-ISW-827":{"text":"{{cite web | url= http://iswsyria.blogspot.co.uk/2015/05/the-regimes-military-capabilities-part-1.html |title= The Regime's Military Capabilities: Part 1 |publisher= ISW |last=Kozak |first=Christopher |date= 26 May 2015 |accessdate= 31 May 2015 |quote= Local NDF commanders often engage in war profiteering through protection rackets, looting, and organized crime. NDF members have been implicated in waves of murders, robberies, thefts, kidnappings, and extortions throughout regime-held parts of Syria since the formation of the organization in 2013.}}","count":0,"key":827,"number":827,"name":"ISW","group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-828":{"count":-1,"text":"Cunliffe, Emma. [http://ghn.globalheritagefund.com/uploads/documents/document_2107.pdf \"Damage to the Soul: Syria's cultural heritage in conflict\"]. [[Durham University]] and the [[Global Heritage Fund]]. 1 May 2012.","key":828,"name":600,"group":"","reflist":0},"cite_note-829":{"count":-1,"text":"Fisk, Robert. [http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/fisk/robert-fisk-syrias-ancient-treasures-pulverised-8007768.html \"Syria's ancient treasures pulverised\"]. 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