We could use a Jenkins job that runs PHP_CodeSniffer for the mediawiki/core master branch and make it voting.
phpcs is quite slow and goes beyond the composer 300 seconds timeout. We also need to raise the PHP memory limit which phpcs supports (phpcs -d option which conflicts with composer -d option). In the end the command should be:
time COMPOSER_PROCESS_TIMEOUT=600 PHPCS_ARGS="-v -d memory_limit=1G" composer phpcs .
timeout / memory limit subject to change.