As speculated in a comment in the source code, python-mwviews does not correctly handle unicode input.
For example: the Swagger endpoint correctly handles the input that it cites as an example of the need for good encoding, "Are_You_the_One?". PageViewsClient does not. It also does not handle the URIs that I am interested in: subpages, e.g. "Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2016-01-06/News_and_notes".
Here is a notebook summarizing the issue.