Two fairly similar issues, both probably upstream bugs:
SELECT ?item WHERE { ?_item a schema:Dataset. { BIND( ?_item as ?item ) } UNION {} }
This query (link) yields two empty results, instead of one empty one and one with ?item bound to wikibase:Dump. If the UNION is removed, it correctly yields one nonempty result.
SELECT ?item WHERE { BIND(wikibase:Dump AS ?_item) { BIND( ?_item as ?item ) } }
This query (link) yields one empty result, instead of one with ?item bound to wikibase:Dump. If the {} are removed, it correctly yields a nonempty result.
First discovered by @Yair_rand, relayed by @Nikki.