I briefly broke some video scaling jobs by setting the time limit to 200 seconds instead of 86400 seconds. To fix it I had to figure out the affected titles and click "reset transcode" on the file description pages. cpjobqueue provided no help with this, there was no information about the affected jobs in its logs. Luckily I was able to correlate the request ID in fatal.log with the job start message in the JobExecutor log, but for some failure modes, neither of these would exist.
I'm not sure if retries are possible for these jobs. No retry was attempted and no "retry exceeded" message was logged. Looking at the cpjobqueue log stream, it would seem that HTTP errors are sometimes logged as "retry exceeded".
It would have been helpful if more logs were available in flat files on scb1002. I see that it is currently writing only 6MB per day of warning-level logs.
Here are some log message details, in case you don't believe me that these messages are unlogged. The error occurred at 2018-09-10T00:35:41 , and the Apache access log confirms the request came from scb1002.
fatal.log:
2018-09-10 00:35:41 [W5W7jQpAMDgAADVDLpIAAAAQ] mw1302 commonswiki 1.32.0-wmf.20 fatal ERROR: [W5W7jQpAMDgAADVDLpIAAAAQ] /rpc/RunSingleJob.php PHP Fatal Error from line 450 of /srv/mediawiki/php-1.32.0-wmf.20/includes/shell/Command.php: entire web request took longer than 200 seconds and timed out {"fatal_exception":{"class":"ErrorException","message":"PHP Fatal Error: entire web request took longer than 200 seconds and timed out","code":16777217,"file":"/srv/mediawiki/php-1.32.0-wmf.20/includes/shell/Command.php","line":450,"trace":"#0 /srv/mediawiki/php-1.32.0-wmf.20/includes/shell/Command.php(450): stream_select()
videoscaler-access.log:
2018-09-10T00:32:21 200079873 10.64.32.36 proxy-server/500 1505 POST http://videoscaler.discovery.wmnet/rpc/RunSingleJob.php - text/html - 10.64.16.21 ChangePropagation-JobQueue/WMF - - - 10.64.32.36