A recent OTRS request (Commons queue) has brought forward the request for a "safe search" option, similar to that you would see on Google or other platforms.
The author is looking for a child/teen friendly way to search Commons as Commons is listed on several educational websites, targetted to children and teens, as a resource.
@Riley_Huntley: Is there a canonical way (e.g. a category name) on Commons to identify images/content as "not safe"?
Has this been recently discussed in the Commons community and has there been feedback that such a "safe search" is actually wanted (link to discussion)?
See https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Requests_for_comment/Safesearch for previous conversations.
There is no recent discussion and a new request for comment is most appropriate to determine whether the community believes in the option of filtering. That said, the last discussion went off-course especially when discussing options for how this could be implemented.
I think it's most appropriate for that discussion to be left to the devs. To approach this RfC though, a concept is needed for how safe searching would be possible in the first place.
To answer your initial question; no, there is not currently any canonical way.
Personally I don't think that any developer should spend time on this if no interest has been expressed by the Commons community beforehand.