I think we should display a proper error message when the EditFilterMergedContent hook complains. This hook is run manually via https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/g/mediawiki/extensions/GrowthExperiments/+/c152954b01e06152b5bbc19bb40b5c2263facb70/includes/HelpPanel/QuestionPoster/QuestionPoster.php#499, and apparently, even when AbuseFilter sets a valid error message, it's not displayed.
Doing something more "alike" the EditPage logic could help, as well as completing T266464 first.
However, it also seems that our current JavaScript client for the questionposter API doesn't really respect any error message raised, and always throws growthexperiments-help-panel-question-post-error. Let's replace it with the passed error message, if it's not hookaborted (which is even more generic).
As an example, see https://people.wikimedia.org/~urbanecm/screencasts/T266465.webm.