Page MenuHomePhabricator

[M] Get baselines for categories
Open, Needs TriagePublic

Assigned To
Authored By
AUgolnikova-WMF
Jan 7 2025, 4:25 PM
Referenced Files
Restricted File
Apr 7 2025, 11:16 AM
Restricted File
Apr 7 2025, 11:16 AM

Description

As part of work on improving category selection in UW T383055, we want to know have baselines and measurements for categories. We are interested in monitoring whether there is an increase in category insertion before and after improvements to category selection, as well as general Describe step improvements that were done in Q4 FY23-24 as part of T358765

Scope

  • Get data on how many categories are added on upload month over month

Implementation notes

Event Timeline

Cparle updated the task description. (Show Details)
Cparle updated the task description. (Show Details)
mfossati updated the task description. (Show Details)
AUgolnikova-WMF renamed this task from Get baselines for categories to [M] Get baselines for categories .Jan 20 2025, 5:15 PM

Note: the event stream was not useful; it doesn't retain historical data long enough (about a couple of weeks, IIRC). Same with recentchanges feeds.
Instead, I'm iterating the allrevisions API, filtering out all of the irrelevant stuff. It's not the fastest, but it'll do.

How far back do we want this data?

@matthiasmullie how far back can we get it without it being too much effort?

It's scripted; very little effort - just takes time.

We'll gather from 2024 onwards, on a monthly basis.

Script here: https://github.com/matthiasmullie/visual-content-data

UploadWizard uploads in January 2025

Uploads: 291856
Categories total: 1352254

  • Hidden: 901872
  • Other: 450382

Categories average (per file): 4.633291760320158

  • Hidden: 3.0901266377939804
  • Other: 1.5431651225261773

UploadWizard uploads in December 2024

Uploads: 357107
Categories total: 1566604

  • Hidden: 1048294
  • Other: 518310

Categories average: 4.386931647937453

  • Hidden: 2.9355179259997706
  • Other: 1.4514137219376826

(moving to Blocked while script is running; will take awhile)

UploadWizard uploads in January 2024

Uploads: 334026

  • With non-hidden category: 310948 (93.09%)
  • Without non-hidden category: 23078 (6.91%)

Categories total: 1545793

  • Hidden: 999069
  • Other: 546724

Categories average: 4.627762509505248

  • Hidden: 2.9909917192074866
  • Other: 1.6367707902977613

UploadWizard uploads in February 2024

Uploads: 336432

  • With non-hidden category: 311765 (92.67%)
  • Without non-hidden category: 24667 (7.33%)

Categories total: 1562502

  • Hidden: 1020124
  • Other: 542378

Categories average: 4.644332287059495

  • Hidden: 3.0321848100061826
  • Other: 1.6121474770533124

UploadWizard uploads in March 2024

Uploads: 387582

  • With non-hidden category: 347330 (89.61%)
  • Without non-hidden category: 40252 (10.39%)

Categories total: 1822705

  • Hidden: 1222371
  • Other: 600334

Categories average: 4.702759674081872

  • Hidden: 3.1538384135486166
  • Other: 1.548921260533255

UploadWizard uploads in April 2024

Uploads: 384200

  • With non-hidden category: 349476 (90.96%)
  • Without non-hidden category: 34724 (9.04%)

Categories total: 1750150

  • Hidden: 1136429
  • Other: 613721

Categories average: 4.5553097345132745

  • Hidden: 2.957909942738157
  • Other: 1.597399791775117

UploadWizard uploads in May 2024

Uploads: 375696

  • With non-hidden category: 340019 (90.50%)
  • Without non-hidden category: 35677 (9.50%)

Categories total: 1791379

  • Hidden: 1189414
  • Other: 601965

Categories average: 4.768160959925046

  • Hidden: 3.165894765981006
  • Other: 1.60226619394404

UploadWizard uploads in June 2024

Uploads: 471063

  • With non-hidden category: 416862 (88.49%)
  • Without non-hidden category: 54201 (11.51%)

Categories total: 2132407

  • Hidden: 1482450
  • Other: 649957

Categories average: 4.526797901766855

  • Hidden: 3.1470312888085035
  • Other: 1.3797666129583517

UploadWizard uploads in July 2024

Uploads: 422647

  • With non-hidden category: 356583 (84.37%)
  • Without non-hidden category: 66064 (15.63%)

Categories total: 2084017

Categories average: 4.930869023085459

  • Hidden: 3.491715308519876
  • Other: 1.439153714565583

UploadWizard uploads in August 2024

Uploads: 377050

  • With non-hidden category: 325380 (86.30%)
  • Without non-hidden category: 51670 (13.70%)

Categories total: 1729397

  • Hidden: 1161586
  • Other: 567811

Categories average: 4.586651637713831

  • Hidden: 3.080721389736109
  • Other: 1.5059302479777217

UploadWizard uploads in September 2024

Uploads: 545312

  • With non-hidden category: 490994 (90.04%)
  • Without non-hidden category: 54318 (9.96%)

Categories total: 3342972

  • Hidden: 2549429
  • Other: 793543

Categories average: 6.130384073704595

  • Hidden: 4.675174945719148
  • Other: 1.4552091279854469

UploadWizard uploads in October 2024

Uploads: 429071

  • With non-hidden category: 373251 (86.99%)
  • Without non-hidden category: 55820 (13.01%)

Categories total: 2370600

  • Hidden: 1745185
  • Other: 625415

Categories average: 5.5249597385980405

  • Hidden: 4.067357150681356
  • Other: 1.4576025879166852

UploadWizard uploads in November 2024

Uploads: 296946

  • With non-hidden category: 247140 (83.23%)
  • Without non-hidden category: 49806 (16.77%)

Categories total: 1361196

  • Hidden: 912673
  • Other: 448523

Categories average: 4.5839849669636905

  • Hidden: 3.073531887952692
  • Other: 1.5104530790109987

UploadWizard uploads in December 2024

Uploads: 356310

  • With non-hidden category: 302163 (84.80%)
  • Without non-hidden category: 54147 (15.20%)

Categories total: 1561925

  • Hidden: 1045826
  • Other: 516099

Categories average: 4.383612584547164

  • Hidden: 2.935157587494036
  • Other: 1.448454997053128

UploadWizard uploads in January 2025

Uploads: 289330

  • With non-hidden category: 243658 (84.21%)
  • Without non-hidden category: 45672 (15.79%)

Categories total: 1340301

  • Hidden: 891613
  • Other: 448688

Categories average: 4.632430097120935

  • Hidden: 3.081647254000622
  • Other: 1.5507828431203123

UploadWizard uploads in February 2025

Uploads: 351246

  • With non-hidden category: 296023 (84.28%)
  • Without non-hidden category: 55223 (15.72%)

Categories total: 1646181

  • Hidden: 1148886
  • Other: 497295

Categories average: 4.68668967048735

  • Hidden: 3.270887070600092
  • Other: 1.4158025998872585

UploadWizard uploads in March 2025

Uploads: 442950

  • With non-hidden category: 350986 (79.24%)
  • Without non-hidden category: 91964 (20.76%)

Categories total: 2162950

  • Hidden: 1584064
  • Other: 578886

Categories average: 4.883056778417429

  • Hidden: 3.5761688678180383
  • Other: 1.3068879105993905

It looks like the amount of files *without* categories have been declining for some time.
These numbers lack precision and there are a lot of factors that may have a big influence, but it is quite plausible that moving depicts statements (see T369820) to the describe step in June, has had an adverse affect (about 5%) on the amount of categories being added.

{F59003425}

{F59003426}

As for measuring change in the intended goal of letting users add more precise categories: the Commons category tree is too much of a jungle to get any meaningful data WRT category depth.

Ideally we’d be able to measure some sort of category depth in order to see whether we were successful in pointing users to more specific categories, and I’ve been toying around with that for a bit, but it seems futile:

  • with every parent category (potentially) having more than 1 parent category, there is no true “depth”. We could get an average depth across all branches, though, or simply count the total amount of parents, but…
  • there is recursion: e.g. Category:Hidden_categories has itself as parent. There are also instances where the a category pops up a a parent category of one of it’s own parents a couple of levels deep. The tree never fully resolves. We could simply ignore duplication like that, but…
  • the category tree is way too interconnected. For one random file, I got upwards of 100k parent categories. With numbers that big, there is no way we’d be able to measure a 1 or 2 increase in level of depth. Just look at (a part of) this one random example, where we start out at California_State_University,_San_Marcos_logos, through Architecture, through Demography, through Uses_of_Wikidata_Infobox_with_no_image, through Philosophy, through Mathematics, through Geographical_entities, through Hominidae, through Neuropsychology, through 1900s_births, through Grammar, trough Heritage_preservation, … This remains true even if we omit hidden categories.

Below is only a small portion of one random file/category's tree to illustrate:

California_State_University,_San_Marcos_logos
-California_State_University,_San_Marcos
--Buildings_in_San_Marcos,_California
---Buildings_in_San_Diego_County,_California_by_city
----Buildings_in_California_by_city_by_county
-----Buildings_in_California_by_city
------Buildings_in_California_by_location
-------Buildings_in_California
--------Buildings_in_the_United_States_by_state
---------Buildings_in_the_United_States_by_location
----------Buildings_by_location_by_country
-----------Architecture_by_location_by_country
------------Architecture_by_country
-------------Architecture_by_location
--------------Architecture
---------------Academic_disciplines_by_topic
----------------Academic_disciplines
-----------------Academia
------------------Communities
-------------------Social_groups
--------------------Demography
---------------------Actuarial_science
----------------------Mathematical_and_quantitative_methods_(economics)
-----------------------Mathematical_economics
------------------------Applied_mathematics
-------------------------Applied_disciplines
--------------------------Academic_discipline_interactions
--------------------------Problem_solving
---------------------------Executive_functions
----------------------------Amphetamine
-----------------------------5-HT1A_agonists
------------------------------5-HT1A_serotonin_receptor
-------------------------------5-hydroxytryptamine_receptors
--------------------------------Serotonin_receptors
---------------------------------Receptor_proteins
----------------------------------Cell_biology
-----------------------------------Subfields_of_biology
------------------------------------Biology
-------------------------------------Life_sciences
--------------------------------------Humans_and_other_species
---------------------------------------Homo_sapiens
----------------------------------------Cosmopolitan_vertebrates
-----------------------------------------Cosmopolitan_animals
------------------------------------------Animals_by_location
-------------------------------------------Animals
--------------------------------------------Organisms_by_common_name
---------------------------------------------Organisms_by_name
----------------------------------------------Categories_by_name
-----------------------------------------------Categories
------------------------------------------------CommonsRoot
-----------------------------------------------CommonsRoot
-----------------------------------------------Names
------------------------------------------------Identifiers
-------------------------------------------------Communication
--------------------------------------------------Activities
---------------------------------------------------Phenomena
----------------------------------------------------Concepts_in_metaphysics
-----------------------------------------------------Metaphysics
------------------------------------------------------Branches_of_philosophy
-------------------------------------------------------Philosophy
--------------------------------------------------------Humanities
---------------------------------------------------------Culture
----------------------------------------------------------Group_behavior
-----------------------------------------------------------Human_behavior
------------------------------------------------------------Hominidae_behavior
-------------------------------------------------------------Hominidae
--------------------------------------------------------------Anthropology
---------------------------------------------------------------Social_sciences
----------------------------------------------------------------Scientific_disciplines
-----------------------------------------------------------------Science
------------------------------------------------------------------Systems_of_knowledge
-------------------------------------------------------------------Knowledge
--------------------------------------------------------------------Information
---------------------------------------------------------------------Abstraction
----------------------------------------------------------------------Concepts_in_epistemology
-----------------------------------------------------------------------Epistemology
------------------------------------------------------------------------Metascience
-------------------------------------------------------------------------Criticism_of_science
--------------------------------------------------------------------------Criticism_of_academia
---------------------------------------------------------------------------Criticisms
----------------------------------------------------------------------------Concepts_in_social_philosophy
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Philosophical_concepts_by_field
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Categories_by_field
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Categories_by_parameter
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Parameters
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Parameters
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Topics
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Parameters
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Categories_by_parameter
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Topics
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Concepts_by_field
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Concepts
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Concepts
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Philosophical_concepts
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Categories_by_field
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Topics
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Parameters
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Categories_by_parameter
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Concepts
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Concepts_by_field
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Philosophical_concepts
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_philosophy
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Human_sciences
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Interdisciplinary_fields
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Pedagogy
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------Didactics
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------Education_theory
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Education
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Civilization
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Society
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Humanity
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------World
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Earth
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Earth-Moon_system
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Groups_of_2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2_(number)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1-digit_numbers
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Groups_of_1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1_(number)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Mathematical_constants
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Algebra
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract_algebra
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Mathematical_structures
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract_structures
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Structure
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Entities
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ontology
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Information_science
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Applied_sciences
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cognitive_science
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Branches_of_psychology
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Psychology
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Behavioral_sciences
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Behavior
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Processes
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sets_(groups)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Groups
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Gathering
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Events_by_type
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Activities_by_type
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Activism_by_type
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Activism
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Civil_society
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Community_organizing
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Civics
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Citizenship
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Assimilation
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_concepts
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_concepts
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Government_and_personhood
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Government
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Governance
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Accountability
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Anti-corruption_measures
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Anti-corruption
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Anti_movements
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Activism_by_subject
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Politics_by_subject
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Categories_by_subject
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Politics
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Human_activities
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Topics_(flat_list)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Topics_(flat_list)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Topics_(flat_list)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Human_activities
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Categories_by_subject
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Topics_(flat_list)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Human_activities
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Politics
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Politics
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Topics_(flat_list)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Politics_by_subject
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Categories_by_subject
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Human_activities
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Criticism
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Critical_thinking_skills
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Critical_thinking
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Evaluation
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Analysis
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A_priori
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Conceptual_distinctions
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Empiricism
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Analytic_philosophy
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------20th-century_philosophy
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------20th_century
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2nd_millennium
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1st_myr
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1st_gyr
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Gyr
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------History_by_period
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Historical_eras
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------History
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Past
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Philosophy_of_time
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Natural_philosophy
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------History_of_philosophy
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------History_of_ideas
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------History_by_subject
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ideas
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sources_of_knowledge
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Reality
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Concepts_in_metaphilosophy
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Metaphilosophy
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Philosophy_by_field
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Subfields_by_academic_discipline
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Education_by_subject
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Curricula
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Curricula
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Education_by_subject
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Curricula
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Education_by_subject
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Curricula
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Subfields_by_academic_discipline
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Recursion
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Control_flow
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Programming_constructs
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Computer_programming
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Computing
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Information_processing
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Technology
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Systems
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Systems
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Information_processing
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Technology
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Systems
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Software_engineering
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Computer-related_occupations
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Computers
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Computer_science
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Applied_sciences_by_discipline
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Applied_sciences_by_discipline
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Digital_electronic_devices
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Digital_electronics
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Digital_technology
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Information_technology
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Communication_engineering
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Communication_technology
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Communication_infrastructure
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Infrastructure_by_function
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Infrastructure
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Architectural_structures
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Inanimate_objects
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Objects_by_type
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Objects
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Objects
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Objects
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Objects_by_type
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Inanimate_objects
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Objects
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Objects_by_type
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Construction
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Civil_engineering
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Engineering_by_field
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Engineering
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Secondary_sector_of_the_economy
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Economic_sectors
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Economic_classification_systems
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Classification_systems_by_subject
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Classification_systems
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Classification
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Hierarchy
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Conceptual_systems
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Political_culture
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Culture_by_subject
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Political_science
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Culture_by_subject
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Political_science
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Conceptual_systems
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Political_culture
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Culture_by_subject
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Political_science
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Knowledge_representation
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Relations
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Political_culture
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Political_science
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Hierarchy
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Conceptual_systems
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Culture_by_subject
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Knowledge_representation
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Relations
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Information_systems
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Business_computing
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Business
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Economy
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Economics
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_systems
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Emergence
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Chaos_theory
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Chaos
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Classical_mechanics
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Mechanical_engineering
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Applied_physics
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Applied_and_interdisciplinary_physics
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physical_sub-disciplines
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physics
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physical_sciences
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Natural_sciences
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature_by_subject
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Scientific_concepts
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Scientific_concepts
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Scientific_concepts
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature_by_subject
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Scientific_concepts
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature_by_subject
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Scientific_concepts
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Natural_sciences
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature_by_subject
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physical_sciences
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Scientific_concepts
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Natural_sciences
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature_by_subject
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physical_sciences
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Scientific_concepts
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Natural_sciences
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physics
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physical_sub-disciplines
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature_by_subject
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physical_sciences
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Scientific_concepts
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Natural_sciences
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physics
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physical_sub-disciplines
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature_by_subject
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physical_sciences
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Scientific_concepts
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Applied_and_interdisciplinary_physics
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Natural_sciences
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physics
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Mechanics
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physical_sub-disciplines
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature_by_subject
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physical_sciences
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Scientific_concepts
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Applied_and_interdisciplinary_physics
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Natural_sciences
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Applied_physics
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physics
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Mechanics
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physical_sub-disciplines
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Mechanics
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature_by_subject
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physical_sciences
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Scientific_concepts
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Applied_and_interdisciplinary_physics
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Mechanical_engineering
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Natural_sciences
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Applied_physics
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Physics
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Disorder
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Housekeeping
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Domestic_work
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Household
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Family
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Interpersonal_relationships
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Interpersonal_relations
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_communication
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_interaction
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Interaction
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Effects
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Changing
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Changing
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Changing
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Effects
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Effects
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Interaction
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Changing
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_interaction
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Changing
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Interaction
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Effects
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Effects
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Interaction
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_interaction
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_communication
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Changing
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Personal_life
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Relationships
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_psychology
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Branches_of_sociology_(interdisciplinary)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Subfields_of_sociology
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sociology
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sociology
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Subfields_of_sociology
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sociology
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Branches_of_sociology_(interdisciplinary)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Subfields_of_sociology
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sociology
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_psychology
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Branches_of_sociology_(interdisciplinary)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Subfields_of_sociology
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sociology
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Interpersonal_relations
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Effects
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Interaction
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_interaction
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_communication
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Changing
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Personal_life
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_psychology
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Subfields_of_sociology
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Relationships
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Branches_of_sociology_(interdisciplinary)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sociology
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Living_arrangements
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cultural_anthropology
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cultural_studies
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Critical_theory
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Literary_criticism
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Art_criticism
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Art-related_activities
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The_arts_by_subject
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The_arts
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Creativity
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Aesthetics
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Perception
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Mental_processes
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Human_cognition
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cognition
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cognitive_psychology
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Neuroscience
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nervous_system
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Organ_systems
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Biological_systems
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Systems_biology
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Earth_system_science
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Complex_systems_theory
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Complex_systems
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Systems_theory
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ludwig_von_Bertalanffy
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1901_births
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1900s_births
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------20th-century_births
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Births_by_century
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Beginnings_by_century
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Beginnings_by_time
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Beginnings
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Events
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Positive
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Comparisons
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Difference
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Continental_philosophy
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Western_philosophy
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Philosophy_by_culture
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Philosophy_by_tradition
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Traditions
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cultural_history
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Fields_of_history
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Fields_of_history
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_agreement
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------John_Locke
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1632_births
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1630s_births
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17th-century_births
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------People_in_the_17th_century
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17th_century_by_topic
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17th_century
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Centuries
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Spans_of_time
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Scales
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Measurement
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Scientific_observation
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Data_collection_in_research
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Data_collection
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Data
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Information_sources
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sources_by_type
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sources
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Origins
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Beginning_places
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Activity_places
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Places_by_type
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Places
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Geographical_entities
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Geography
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Earth's_surface
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Structure_of_the_Earth
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Earth_sciences
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Planetary_science
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Asteroids
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Natural_hazards
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Hazards
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Danger
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Problems
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Safety
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Euthenics
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Health
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Quality_of_life
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Environment
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Health,_education,_and_welfare_economics
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_programs
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Programs
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Collaborative_projects
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Collaboration
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Supporting_each_other
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Each_other
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Supporting
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Assistance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cooperation
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Social_graces
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ethology
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Animals_by_adaptation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Evolution_of_animals
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Animals_by_subject
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Evolution_by_taxon
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Categories_by_taxon
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Taxa
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Biological_descriptions
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Biological_literature
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Academic_works_about_science
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Scientific_literature
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Non-fiction_literature
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Literature_by_genre
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Genre_by_subject
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Genre
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Creative_works
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Intellectual_works
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Thinking
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bodily_functions_in_humans
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bodily_functions
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Biological_concepts
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Philosophy_of_biology
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Environmental_philosophy
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Environmental_humanities
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Environmentalism
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Political_ideologies
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Political_philosophy
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Subfields_of_political_science
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Subfields_of_political_science
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Political_theories
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Philosophical_theories
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Point_of_view_(philosophy)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Assumption
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Arguments
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Decision_making
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Control_theory
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Control
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cybernetics
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Feedback
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Systems_analysis
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Systems_engineering
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Occupations_by_type
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Occupations
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Occupations
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Occupations
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Occupations_by_type
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Systems_engineering
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Occupations
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Occupations_by_type
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Systems_engineering
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Occupations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Systems_analysis
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Occupations_by_type
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Feedback
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Systems_engineering
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Occupations
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Systems_analysis
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Occupations_by_type
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Formal_sciences
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Formalism_(deductive)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Formalism_(philosophy)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Form
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Theories_of_aesthetics
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Form
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Theories_of_aesthetics
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Theories_of_deduction
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Deductive_reasoning
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Reasoning
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Intelligence
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Educational_psychology
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Memory
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cognitive_neuroscience
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Neuropsychology
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Subfields_of_neuroscience
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Subfields_of_neuroscience
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Subfields_of_neuroscience
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Neuropsychology
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Mind
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Brain
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Anatomy_of_the_head
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Head_and_neck_anatomy
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Anatomy_by_body_part
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Anatomy_by_location
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Anatomy
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Body
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Morphology_(biology)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------