Enable "MathML (experimental; no images)" in Special:Preferences → Apperance → Math. Then preview a page with the contents <math>a' \operatorname{a}'</math>
I expect that both prime symbols are superscripts, but the second one is too far down.
The probelem is due to an extraneous <mo></mo> MathML element between \operatorname{a} and the prime symbol. With "Client side MathJax rendering" you get <merror data-mjx-message="Wrong number of children for msup node">.
Firefox rendering:

