The default query on the recentchanges page has the condition rc_timestamp >= '<now - rcdays>' where rcdays is 7 by default.
For large wikis (see list here) we want to change rcdays to 1. This will make no material difference for the user - on a large wiki the default view is of the last few minutes rather than days
If a user picks complex filters that mean that the db can't use indexes and scans the table, then this will reduce the number of rows scanned and reduce the number of slow queries
It's just a matter of setting $wgDefaultUserOptions[ 'rcdays' ] = 1 for large wikis
User impact is expected to be zero, but we still ought to inform users via tech news