Generally speaking, messages in MediaWiki are localized directly into a target variant, and don't have LanguageConverter run on them. However, ParsoidLocalization supports localization into an arbitrary language, as well as into the page "content language".
These should be adjusted to account for the user's selected variant. For example, if the arbitrary language is zh or the page content language is zh and the user's preferred variant is zh-tw, then we should localize into zh-tw, not zh. (We still shouldn't try to run LanguageConverter on the contents of the messages!)