We are discussing whether to enable TemplateStyles on Russian Wikipedia and I am somewhat aware that right now there is no built-in way to restrict who can and who can not edit TemplateStyles files.
I think some communities would want that protection on some level, so I can’t really fathom why anything like a user right to edit TemplateStyles wasn’t introduced. Unless it is very hard to implement, I think we should do it, since other such tools, e. g. Gadgets 2.0, have the respective user rights that allow end-users and communities to restrict or loosen up the right to editing in some ways and TemplateStyles doesn’t have any such mechanisms.
The default can stay the same, so it will be a templatestyles-edit right that is available to * user group.
(See T187729#4055827 and T187729#4057510 for reason to decline.)