We currently have no way of knowing the cause of Varnish fetch errors other than observing them live with varnishlog -g request -q 'FetchError ne "Pass delivery abandoned"'
Keep track of FetchError causes by sending the logs to logstash.
See https://varnish-cache.org/tips/varnishlog/fetcherror.html and https://varnish-cache.org/docs/5.1/reference/vsl.html