I am getting "Duplicate headers received from server", "Error code: ERR_RESPONSE_HEADERS_MULTIPLE_CONTENT_DISPOSITION", and "Error 349 (net::ERR_RESPONSE_HEADERS_MULTIPLE_CONTENT_DISPOSITION) when loading URL" at https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-14581-0003%2C_Dresden%2C_Omnibus_%22Ikarus_30%22.jpg/180px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-14581-0003%2C_Dresden%2C_Omnibus_%22Ikarus_30%22.jpg when trying to display the 180px thumbnail of https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-14581-0003,_Dresden,_Omnibus_%22Ikarus_30%22.jpg as my most recent upload at https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ListFiles&offset=20170712204449&user=Jeff+G.&ilshowall=1&limit=1 . This is after purging, the not displayed effect persists from before the purging. :(
On my iPad 3 with iOS 6.1, the problem is present in the latest compatible Puffin Browser Pro (v4.7.3), Puffin Browser Free (v4.7.3), and Google Chrome (v37.0.2062.60), but absent in Safari (Bundle Version 8536.25). On my LG Spree (LG-K120 Build/LMY47V) phone with Android 5.1.1, the problem is present in Puffin Browser Free (v6.0.9.15863), and absent in Google Chrome (v56.0.2924.87) and Opera Mini (v24.0.2254.115784). See also T168949#3433763 and its reply. Example screenshot from my phone: https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jeff_G._Example_Screenshot_1.jpg