Further investigation shows that the "ABS FAQ" page in fact redirects to another page, i.e. it is a redirect source. There are many more similar entries in the query.

This turns out to be irrelevant. The reason "ABS FAQ" is being included in the list is because arunique is broken with respect to interwiki redirects: the page ABS FAQ (日本語) is a redirect to ja:ABS FAQ, but arunique is throwing away the rd_interwiki field, and as a generator it therefore incorrectly generates the local title rather than the correct interwiki title.

Another incorrect entry a valid target redirect page being marked as "missing" (whatever that means)

It means that the page doesn't exist on the wiki. It's entirely valid for generator=allredirects to return a missing title; Special:BrokenRedirects even exists to list such pages. prop=redirects works fine on these missing titles.

In this particular case, though, it's because redirects such as [[AboutWiki (日本語)]] → [[ja:ArchWiki:About]] are being incorrectly returned as above.

It looks like this'll probably take more work than I thought: without an index on (rd_namespace,rd_title,rd_interwiki), the database queries here can badly (including rd_interwiki in the SELECT sucks no matter what, and trying to include only non-interwiki via WHERE is vulnerable to the T97797 issue). So we'll probably have to add the index, or else figure out better queries.