This is reproducible with Firefox 3.6 only, IE and newer Firefox versions seem to work.
See my scripts at mw as example:
[[mw:User:Schnark/common.js]] includes [[mw:User:Schnark/common.js/sub.js]],
which binds a custom event and includes [[mw:User:Schnark/common.js/customevent.js]],
which then triggers that custom event, so [[mw:User:Schnark/common.js/subpage.js]] is included.
This script calls mw.loader.using.
I must admit, that the this sounds strange, but in production there is some more code around this, so it actually makes sense.
This doesn't break reliably, but most of the time I end up with a page only containing
<html><head><script type="text/javascript" src="//bits.wikimedia.org/www.mediawiki.org/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=jquery.ui.core%2Cdraggable%2Cmouse%2Cwidget&skin=vector&version=20120210T223051Z&*"></script></head></html>
Version: 1.19
Severity: normal