We're currently including a protocol-relative EditURI on pages, but I'm not sure that makes sense any more. The change dates back to 2011, when we were preparing to migrate from mixed http/https to pure https: rMW6adb2e86a52f485c649b7409c66c5ffde99c082e
Since the edit API requires https to perform any POST request on Wikimedia sites, it seems preferable to use the canonical protocol for EditURI, to reduce the possibility of a client incorrectly producing an http URL. (I just ran into this in T228851.)