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Investigate additional ways of locking down language-specific execution for the function-executor
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Description

Given the initial round of issues found during the launch of wikifunctions.org (T343138), and their means of exploitation, it would be good to explore different avenues for further locking down language-specific execution via Abstract Wikipedia's function-evaluator (I couldn't find a tag for function-executor). This should likely involve due-diligence around:

  1. Exploring interpreters along the lines of Google's Closure Compiler to determine what, if any, performance and security advantages it might offer over regular nodejs execution.
  2. Exploring filtering mechanisms such as eslint's no-restricted-syntax AST functionality.
  3. Exploring ways of fully- or partially-limiting calls to dangerous methods and other language constructs. While this can often be a fool's errand, certain quirks of nodejs allow setting methods to undefined, thus making them unavailable in certain execution contexts. This seems to work surprisingly well even when various attempts at obfuscation are made, e.g.
eval = undefined;

// throws TypeError: eval is not a function
eval("console.log('test')")

// heavily obfuscated js - throws TypeError: eval is not a function
(function(_0x92422c,_0x5f0d59){var _0xe5be47=_0x25bd,_0x6696b9=_0x92422c();while(!![]){try{var _0x2e03d2=-parseInt(_0xe5be47(0x1e4))/0x1*(parseInt(_0xe5be47(0x1e3))/0x2)+parseInt(_0xe5be47(0x1df))/0x3*(parseInt(_0xe5be47(0x1e2))/0x4)+parseInt(_0xe5be47(0x1e6))/0x5+-parseInt(_0xe5be47(0x1dd))/0x6+-parseInt(_0xe5be47(0x1e7))/0x7*(-parseInt(_0xe5be47(0x1e5))/0x8)+-parseInt(_0xe5be47(0x1de))/0x9*(parseInt(_0xe5be47(0x1e0))/0xa)+-parseInt(_0xe5be47(0x1dc))/0xb;if(_0x2e03d2===_0x5f0d59)break;else _0x6696b9['push'](_0x6696b9['shift']());}catch(_0x306187){_0x6696b9['push'](_0x6696b9['shift']());}}}(_0x1db2,0x9eaf2),eval('var _0x19e063 = _0x25bd;console[\'log\'](_0x19e063(481));'));function _0x25bd(_0x1c9d35,_0x5383e8){var _0x1db248=_0x1db2();return _0x25bd=function(_0x25bdab,_0x4688d2){_0x25bdab=_0x25bdab-0x1dc;var _0x1046ac=_0x1db248[_0x25bdab];return _0x1046ac;},_0x25bd(_0x1c9d35,_0x5383e8);}function _0x1db2(){var _0x273c67=['336132MSxHnS','28653TLcTVx','250TqTgiD','test','396JCEqSD','50418GUNWEH','11wpoeNw','3832PLIBBY','2673620xvOQCr','18823nYaDBu','6955751vTEUrw','1649964WcgtvJ'];_0x1db2=function(){return _0x273c67;};return _0x1db2();}

// jsf*** for eval("console.log('test')") - throws TypeError: ... is not a function
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Details

TitleReferenceAuthorSource BranchDest Branch
Draft: javascript evaluator: Undefine 'eval' so users can't use itrepos/abstract-wiki/wikifunctions/function-evaluator!37jforresterno-js-evalmain
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Event Timeline

This is not enough since there is plenty of ways to escape it. See {T343822} for details

For JavaScript my recommandation is T343821: Use the isolated-vm library to lock down further the image in which JavaScript is run in the evaluator, though security review may be needed. I have currently no recommandation for Python.

This is not enough since there is plenty of ways to escape it. See {T343822} for details

To be clear, this task was never supposed to be an exhaustive list of mitigations for these varieties of issues. Using words like "Investigate" and "explore", I assumed this was fairly obvious but perhaps I was wrong. Obviously all javascript execution sinks would need to be accounted for (along with other functions and language constructs deemed high risk). The eval example above was merely an example to point out this cheap and modestly-effective means of limiting access to high-risk language functions and constructs.

There is a new Permission Model model in modern NodeJS, by the way. Enabling it allows to control reading, writing (even on r/o environments processes can write to some obscure places like /dev/termination-log), spawning workers and subprocesses. This also blocks all attempts to launch shell / perl / another instance of nodejs / and so on.

Attempt to block eval is futile, you can't defeat all of this:

(function*(){}).constructor('console.log(1);')().next().value;

new Function('console.log(1);')()

module.require('vm').runInThisContext('console.log(1)')

As for python, situation gets more difficult there: can't suggest a ready-to-use solution; other than that child processes can be blocked with limits.conf, fs access with apparmor. Blocking eval is still difficult.

@Lockal Further discussion of bypasses should be in the restricted subtask, thank you.

Attempt to block eval is futile, you can't defeat all of this:

Again, that was merely an example, not a sole, prescriptive elixir, especially given the fact that wikifunctions is essentially an html interface to an eval call. There are plenty of other potentially dangerous methods, functions and language constructs to consider, especially those that facilitate filesystem access, http requests, etc. I'm also an enormous proponent of the industry standard defense in depth model of security, where implementing several layers of imperfect defenses is better than admitting defeat and not doing anything at all. The overall value of certain mitigations, including low-hanging fruit is, of course, unequivocally debatable.

Jdforrester-WMF claimed this task.

I believe that we have investigated this to our satisfaction at this point. Please re-open if not!

Jdforrester-WMF closed subtask Restricted Task as Resolved.Mar 15 2024, 8:44 PM