If you add an empty, unnamed reference in wikitext ("<ref />"), then you get an empty, invalid reference.
If you add an empty, unnamed reference in VisualEditor (Insert>Reference, then "Add reference" without typing anything), then you get an empty, invalid reference.
VisualEditor should do better than wikitext: it should detect empty, unnamed ref tags and refuse to insert them.
Version: unspecified
Severity: normal