A user needs BOTH more than 4 days AND more than10 edits to graduate beyond Newcomer. Which means if a user has EITHER fewer than 4 OR fewer than 10 days, then they remain a Newcomer. So the language of the description is wrong and should change from:

"Registered editors with fewer than 10 edits and 4 days of activity."
to:
"Registered editors who have fewer than 10 edits or 4 days of activity."

(As far as I know, the code is correct. Meaning that no one becomes a Learner until they have met both conditions.)