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Maniphest T105905

Switch blog to HTTPS-only
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Description

Now that we've switched production to HTTPS-only, it would be great if our blog followed suit.

Initially it made sense to keep the blog on HTTP, so that the message could get through even to users that were having issues with HTTPS; however, now sufficient time has passed and we should actually move this forward.

The blog already works fine over HTTPS, with a certificate of our own.

Switching to HTTPS-only involves asking Automattic (our blog hoster) to do the following:

  • Make sure embedded resources to http:// URLs within the page are https (I don't currently see any, but someone should double-check)
  • Switch <link rel=canonical> to HTTPS; right now it's forced to http://, which means that search engines always point to our blog over HTTP. Same but less important for <link rel=shortlink>.
  • Permanently redirect (301) all URLs (/.*) to their HTTPS equivalent.
  • Set Strict-Transport-Security header to max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload

Related Objects
Search...

StatusSubtypeAssignedTask
 ResolvedBBlackT104681 HTTPS Plans (tracking / high-level info)
 ResolvedBBlackT102824 Clean up DNS/redirects for TLS
 ResolvedArielGlennT107575 download.wiki[mp]edia.org are using an invalid certificate
 ResolvedChmarkineT110511 sitemap.wikimedia.org uses invalid SSL certificate
 ResolvedBBlackT104244 Preload HSTS
 ResolvedBBlackT102814 Decom old multiple-subdomain wikis in wikipedia.org
 ResolvedBBlackT104942 TLS and *.wap/*.mobile multi-level subdomains of wikipedia.org
 ResolvedBBlackT102815 Decom www.$lang hostnames/redirects
 ResolvedBBlackT102826 Fix/decom multiple-subdomain wikis in wikimedia.org
 ResolvedBBlackT102827 Decide what to do with *.donate.wikimedia.org subdomain + TLS
 Resolved• CCogdill_WMFT130414 delete links.email.donate.wikimedia.org (and all other email.donate.*?) from DNS
 DeclinedBBlackT111967 Preload HSTS for select hostnames within wikimedia.org
 DuplicateBBlackT111998 investigate/remove hostname login.m.wikimedia.org
 ResolvedBBlackT40516 Enable HSTS on Wikimedia sites
 ResolvedBBlackT132521 Enforce HTTPS+HSTS on remaining one-off sites in wikimedia.org that don't use standard cache cluster termination
 ResolvedBBlackT132452 HSTS preload for wmfusercontent.org
 ResolvedBBlackT132685 Preload STS for wikimedia.org
 ResolvedBBlackT34796 status.wikimedia.org has no (valid) HTTPS
 ResolvedBBlackT132450 enable https for (ubuntu|apt|mirrors).wikimedia.org
 ResolvedBBlackT132812 Sort out letsencrypt puppetization for simple public hosts
 ResolvedNoneT104728 make blog links from wmfwiki front page use HTTPS links
 ResolvedBBlackT105905 Switch blog to HTTPS-only
 InvalidNoneT64488 Wikimedia blog has unsecured elements on https

Event Timeline

faidon created this task.Jul 15 2015, 4:37 PM
faidon raised the priority of this task from to Needs Triage.
faidon updated the task description. (Show Details)
faidon added projects: Diff-blog, HTTPS.
faidon added subscribers: faidon, • Tbayer, BBlack.
Restricted Application added a subscriber: Aklapper. · View Herald TranscriptJul 15 2015, 4:37 PM
• Tbayer set Security to None.Jul 15 2015, 6:55 PM
• Tbayer added a subscriber: • Katherine-WMF.
Aklapper added a comment.Jul 15 2015, 10:59 PM

Also see T104727: add HTTPS variants for wmfblog in <rss> feed whitelists, T104726: blog rss feed links to HTTP (cleartext) blog posts even when feed fetched over HTTPS

Glaisher subscribed.Jul 16 2015, 10:01 AM
• Tbayer added a comment.Jul 27 2015, 4:43 PM

Update: I filed a request about this with Automattic last week (internal ticket number: #43195), and they think the process outlined by Faidon should work fine. Regarding the first step ( this mainly concerns older posts where http://upload.Wikimedia.org thumbnails would need to be converted to https://upload.wikimedia.org), they recommend to either filter the content to rewrite HTTP thumbnail links before a page is rendered, or to write a WP-CLI script that searches and replaces them with HTTPS links. I will look into the latter.

Seb35 subscribed.Aug 16 2015, 9:37 PM

For linked resources like images in posts, it can be used a plugin search-replace. I used "Better Search Replace" to move a WordPress blog, but probably other plugins can do the job also.

Chmarkine subscribed.Aug 21 2015, 9:01 AM
faidon added a comment.Aug 21 2015, 2:08 PM

Any news from the internal ticket?

• Tbayer added a comment.EditedAug 22 2015, 8:06 AM

Hi Faidon, you should actually still be on CC for the internal ticket via Zendesk. But just to be sure, I will make sure to CC explicitly in my next response to Automattic, which I intend to send this weekend once I find a bit of time to work on the remaining items (see below).

In the meantime, a quick summary of what has happened since the last public update here:

  • It turned out that Automattic's caching layer and CDN actually rewrites many src="http..." links to HTTPS anyway, including all references to the blog's wordpress files subdomain itself. E.g. in this post, this code in the source:
src="http://wikimediablog.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/amount-of-content-added-by-students-06-06-2011.png"

becomes the following in the publicly displayed HTML:

src="https://wikimediablog.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/amount-of-content-added-by-students-06-06-2011.png?w=635&#038;h=455"

Automattic confirmed that this is stable behavior that can be relied on.

  • Nevertheless, it still seems prudent to convert these HTTP thumbnails and the upload.wikimedia.org ones to HTTPS once and for all, also in case the hosting configuration changes in the future. I wrote the required WP-CLI commands (they are quite simple) and tested them in my local Quickstart environment as recommended by Automattic (Quickstart is the Vagrant version of the VIP environment they provide for testing purposes). @Seb35: Thanks for the tip! But plugins need to satisfy Automattic's code review standards for VIP and many don't, and as mentioned it seems prudent to make the change permanent anyway.
  • I used this tool to do an automated scan for mixed content warnings; it accessed over 6000 pages on the blog (that's more than the number of actual posts, it also includes comment pages and e.g. https://blog.wikimedia.org/2010/ ) and found only five posts with remaining warnings, which I will fix manually.
  • I got the hint to use that tool along with some other great advice from members of the WordPress in Enterprise Slack community, in particular Paul Schreiber, coauthor of this HTTPS guide, which contains some caveats on how e.g. Facebook Likes and comments are treating the HTTP and HTTPS versions of a web page as two separate pages (meaning that the switch could have some impact retroactively on Like numbers). It seems Facebook uses the canonical URL or the "or:url" parameter to sort that out, but that Twitter is a bit more brittle, using the separate "counturl" query parameter or the "data-counturl" attribute - AIUI if that contains the HTTPS version, HTTP links aren't counted etc. In any case, I think we've already been quite consistently sharing the HTTPS versions of blog posts on social media for a while now, so these risks should be pretty low here. However, they also advised that the canonical URLs are forced to HTTP on purpose on WordPress VIP (here is the code that does that, https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/30581 and https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/28521 are related open bugs for WordPress in general). I'm not quite sure yet what to make of all that and what's the ideal configuration we'd want Automattic to set for us. Input welcome.
• Tbayer added a comment.Sep 10 2015, 2:44 AM

Update for those following along here: Heard back from Automattic last week and it turns out that contrary to the previous discussion, the search/replace feature of WP-CLI is actually disabled on VIP because it can cause database issues. They are looking into alternative options.

jrbs mentioned this in T104728: make blog links from wmfwiki front page use HTTPS links.Sep 12 2015, 3:45 AM
Restricted Application added a subscriber: StudiesWorld. · View Herald TranscriptDec 3 2015, 7:06 PM
Dzahn moved this task from Backlog to Blocked on External on the HTTPS board.Dec 3 2015, 7:12 PM
Varnent added a parent task: T104728: make blog links from wmfwiki front page use HTTPS links.Jan 28 2016, 8:20 PM
Dzahn added a subtask: T64488: Wikimedia blog has unsecured elements on https.Jan 28 2016, 8:21 PM
Varnent subscribed.Jan 28 2016, 8:21 PM

Is there a status update on this? Just curious as it came up on IRC. :)

jeremyb-phone added a subscriber: jeremyb.Jan 28 2016, 10:20 PM
• Tbayer added a comment.Feb 8 2016, 8:02 AM
In T105905#1979351, @Varnent wrote:

Is there a status update on this? Just curious as it came up on IRC. :)

Yes, so I followed up with Automattic in November, and they eventually offered a solution that should work for our purposes ("It will update any mentions of the target string in the post_content field for published posts only"). It then took me a while to look into this and confirm that this indeed what we want - I just sent one last followup for clarification, but I hope that we are good to go after that.

Aklapper added a project: Traffic.Feb 23 2016, 6:12 PM
Restricted Application added a project: SRE. · View Herald TranscriptFeb 23 2016, 6:12 PM
• Tbayer added a comment.Feb 26 2016, 5:35 AM

(Update: Heard back on Feb 10 that they needed to check with someone specific about this and would get back. On Feb 18 I sent a reminder and got the reply that they would "ping on this again and see what's up". I sent another reminder-thanks today.)

• Tbayer mentioned this in T104726: blog rss feed links to HTTP (cleartext) blog posts even when feed fetched over HTTPS.Feb 26 2016, 5:45 AM
MoritzMuehlenhoff subscribed.Mar 1 2016, 8:10 AM

Assigning to Tilman for the time being since he's currently running the discussion with Automattic

MoritzMuehlenhoff assigned this task to • Tbayer.Mar 1 2016, 8:11 AM
• Tbayer added a comment.Mar 7 2016, 5:05 AM

Update: Followed up again on March 4 and got yet another response from yet another person: It's actually possibly to use WP-CLI for replacements, but scripts can't process all posts at once (apparently because of timeouts, cf. https://vip.wordpress.com/documentation/writing-bin-scripts/ ) and instead should loop through posts in blocks of 100. I have resent the WP-CLI commands I tested earlier, for a first dry-run, and also asked for advice on the best way to do this looping to match their requirements.

• Tbayer added a comment.Mar 28 2016, 9:47 AM

Update: After some more detours, all posts that embedded HTTP content should now have been converted to HTTPS. In the end Automattic ran two conversion scripts for us, see log below. Checking about 10 random posts from each list, they all look good. In addition, I have now manually fixed the five posts found earlier with the "mixed content scan" tool.

I've followed up with Automattic to see about the completion of the remaining steps from the task description.

Found 303 posts to update on http://blog.wikimedia.org
str_replace( 'http://upload.wikimedia.org/', 'https://upload.wikimedia.org/' ); will be run against post_content rows.
0: Post #25 was modified in 1 place(s)
1: Post #26 was modified in 1 place(s)
2: Post #27 was modified in 1 place(s)
3: Post #28 was modified in 1 place(s)
4: Post #29 was modified in 1 place(s)
5: Post #33 was modified in 8 place(s)
6: Post #36 was modified in 1 place(s)
7: Post #39 was modified in 1 place(s)
8: Post #40 was modified in 1 place(s)
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15: Post #61 was modified in 1 place(s)
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Success: All done! 303 posts were modified and 0 weren't.

Found 436 posts to update on http://blog.wikimedia.org
str_replace( 'http://wikimediablog.files.wordpress.com/', 'https://wikimediablog.files.wordpress.com/' ); will be run against post_content rows.
0: Post #60 was modified in 2 place(s)
1: Post #3708 was modified in 1 place(s)
2: Post #3709 was modified in 1 place(s)
3: Post #3716 was modified in 1 place(s)
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• Tbayer mentioned this in T131045: Wrong affiliation in bylines of older staff posts.Mar 28 2016, 9:53 AM
jrbs subscribed.Apr 8 2016, 5:02 PM

Wordpress is now using HTTPS as default for blogs making use of their backend. I'm not sure how (if it all) this impacts on this task, but worth pointing out.

• Tbayer added a comment.Apr 11 2016, 11:53 AM
In T105905#2191112, @jrbs wrote:

Wordpress is now using HTTPS as default for blogs making use of their backend. I'm not sure how (if it all) this impacts on this task, but worth pointing out.

Yes, that's indeed interesting news. There was also a parallel announcement in the internal "WordPress.com VIP Lobby" blog (let me know in case it hasn't reached you and you're interested in reading it) saying that VIP sites are not included in this rollout, but offering support to convert a VIP site on request. As the TheNextWeb article states, their standard setup uses certificates from Let's Encrypt whereas we have long ago decided to purchase our own, but that case is apparently supported too.

To be clear, this does not touch the work we have completed so far (making the content future-proof against mixed content warnings by replacing HTTP embeded content with HTTPS), but should make the next steps (about which I have just followed up again with Automattic) easier.

• ema triaged this task as Medium priority.Jul 8 2016, 10:17 AM
BBlack added a comment.Jul 11 2016, 4:11 PM

If there's no real cost to do so, it would be ideal to ask them to switch our VIP for blog.wm.o to HTTPS-by-default and LetsEncrypt (as the latter will save us some maintenance burden and cost).

faidon added a comment.Jul 12 2016, 12:53 PM

We (@Tbayer mostly) have asked for this repeatedly, to no avail. There was a thread with comms that hasn't seen any activity lately, I'll ping again…

• Tbayer added a comment.Jul 14 2016, 6:52 PM

Update (@faidon: I'm still unsure if you are receiving the updates from the internal ticket with Automattic):

On April 21, I had asked Automattic's support about their suggestions for implementing the HTTP -> HTTPS redirect. (Looking at at https://vip.wordpress.com/documentation/setting-up-redirects/ , the "Safe Redirect Manager" plugin looks attractive, also because it might be possible to use it for fixing some legacy URLs. But it's not clear to me if it supports the wildcard HTTP -> HTTPS redirects we need here.)
I received a reply on April 26 saying that they would look into this question, but no response on this issue since then. I just followed up on the support ticket.

Obviously I agree that this kind of response time is not satisfactory. I should have followed up earlier, but having already had to sink way more time into this project that anticipated last year though, I have been limiting the amount of effort I've put myself into shepherding this - it's no longer my main work area.

Ops, thanks for nudging this. If it this blocking anything on your side regarding HTTPS on our domains in general, I would suggest attaching a blocking/parent task.

faidon added a comment.Jul 14 2016, 7:00 PM

@Tbayer, I still do. In fact I've been receiving these ticket (or series of tickets?) updates since Jul 24th 2015. They supposedly support HTTPS-by-default since April (see https://en.blog.wordpress.com/2016/04/08/https-everywhere-encryption-for-all-wordpress-com-sites/ and https://en.support.wordpress.com/https/) so it might just be a click of a button these days.

After my mail ysterday, Jeff Elder contacted me for clarifications (which I gave). I'm not sure what he did yet, but blog.wikimedia.org seems to redirect to HTTPS today and even sending an STS header. I don't see a rel=canonical in that HTML, so I guess there isn't anything more to be done.

I'll wait until a response before I resolve this ticket (besides, I also raised the tangential issue of switching to Let's Encrypt with him, so might be good to get an update on that).

BBlack added a comment.Jul 14 2016, 7:13 PM

Nice! The redirect functionality looks correct. However, the STS header is strict-transport-security:max-age=31536000, whereas it should be strict-transport-security:max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload. This isn't mentioned in the ticket description here because this ticket predates all of our later HSTS work.

We also haven't made lack of proper STS on these minority one-off sites a blocker for anything yet because they're generally going to be protected by our wikimedia.org STS preload entry in modern browsers anyways.

However, the rules on that are evolving: https://hstspreload.appspot.com/ now says that domains preloaded after their Feb 16, 2016 cutoff (and wikimedia.org didn't make that cutoff, although most of our other domains did) are subject to possible future removal from the STS-preload list if Chrome browsers detect a lack of preloadable headers in the wild. We're not sure exactly how this will work (e.g. if a one-off hostname in wikimedia.org's lack of headers can trigger removal of all of wikimedia.org), and it hasn't happened to any site (anywhere) yet, but this underscores the importance of getting all of our sites aligned on this issue in the long run. I'll probably end up making a separate ticket about STS-preload cleanup once we get over other more-fundamental hurdles, but cleaning this case up now while someone's actively looking into it might be a good idea :)

• Tbayer added a comment.Jul 14 2016, 7:55 PM
In T105905#2463476, @faidon wrote:

@Tbayer, I still do. In fact I've been receiving these ticket (or series of tickets?) updates since Jul 24th 2015.

OK, from your email summary it wasn't clear if you had received (or read) the most recent updates. In particular, while I generally agree with your critical opinion about the support quality in this ticket, it should be said that the difficult part (the content replacements, first bullet point in the task) had in fact been completed at this point, even though, granted, it had involved much prodding and some false starts.

They supposedly support HTTPS-by-default since April (see https://en.blog.wordpress.com/2016/04/08/https-everywhere-encryption-for-all-wordpress-com-sites/ and https://en.support.wordpress.com/https/) so it might just be a click of a button these days.

Yes, we already discussed that announcement above, and indeed the hope has been that we can now profit from this general process. That said, the redirect plugin question remains relevant for some other purposes.

After my mail ysterday, Jeff Elder contacted me for clarifications (which I gave).

I would have appreciated some coordination on this, which would also have helped the misunderstandings that apparently occurred with the support person today, and prevented the premature switchover at a point where nobody has worked yet on updating the canonical links (see below).

I'm not sure what he did yet, but blog.wikimedia.org seems to redirect to HTTPS today and even sending an STS header. I don't see a rel=canonical in that HTML, so I guess there isn't anything more to be done.

https://blog.wikimedia.org doesn't have a rel=canonical, but individual posts do. (If you read the updates on the Automattic support ticket from recent months, you will see a discussion about this difference.) And unfortunately the latter still points to the HTTP version - e.g. in https://blog.wikimedia.org/2016/07/14/pokemon-go-wikipedia/ it's <link rel="canonical" href="http://blog.wikimedia.org/2016/07/14/pokemon-go-wikipedia/" />. Same for the shortlinks.

BBlack added a comment.Jul 27 2016, 7:15 PM

To re-iterate current status: the main thing missing here in the present is that the STS header is insufficient. It should be strict-transport-security:max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload

BBlack added a parent task: T132521: Enforce HTTPS+HSTS on remaining one-off sites in wikimedia.org that don't use standard cache cluster termination.Jul 27 2016, 7:16 PM
BBlack mentioned this in T104681: HTTPS Plans (tracking / high-level info).Jul 27 2016, 7:44 PM
EdErhart-WMF subscribed.EditedAug 5 2016, 1:04 AM

@BBlack can you recheck this? Automattic shipped a few changes for us today.

BBlack added a comment.Aug 5 2016, 2:11 AM
In T105905#2525418, @EdErhart-WMF wrote:

@BBlack can you recheck this? Automattic shipped a few changes for us today.

The blog is still sending the response header: strict-transport-security: max-age=86400. It should be strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload

Aklapper added a comment.Sep 23 2016, 1:53 PM
In T105905#2525620, @BBlack wrote:

The blog is still sending the response header: strict-transport-security: max-age=86400. It should be strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload

@EdErhart-WMF: Do you plan to contact Automattic about changing this?

• Tbayer added a comment.Sep 23 2016, 3:52 PM
In T105905#2463813, @Tbayer wrote:
In T105905#2463476, @faidon wrote:

After my mail ysterday, Jeff Elder contacted me for clarifications (which I gave).

I would have appreciated some coordination on this, which would also have helped the misunderstandings that apparently occurred with the support person today, and prevented the premature switchover at a point where nobody has worked yet on updating the canonical links (see below).

I'm not sure what he did yet, but blog.wikimedia.org seems to redirect to HTTPS today and even sending an STS header. I don't see a rel=canonical in that HTML, so I guess there isn't anything more to be done.

https://blog.wikimedia.org doesn't have a rel=canonical, but individual posts do. (If you read the updates on the Automattic support ticket from recent months, you will see a discussion about this difference.) And unfortunately the latter still points to the HTTP version - e.g. in https://blog.wikimedia.org/2016/07/14/pokemon-go-wikipedia/ it's <link rel="canonical" href="http://blog.wikimedia.org/2016/07/14/pokemon-go-wikipedia/" />. Same for the shortlinks.

For the record, the fix for the canonical URLs was deployed on July 27, so the blog was in the misconfigured state for about 13 days. I didn't check if there was an adverse SEO effect; in any case it should hopefully have recovered by now. (Also in July, @EdErhart-WMF and I met for an introduction to the blog's technical setup regarding Automattic, and hand over more of its technical management, now that there is a permanent person on the Comms team who can take this on. I'm going to unassign myself from this bug, as I understand he is going to shepherd the last remaining subtask.)

• Tbayer removed • Tbayer as the assignee of this task.Sep 23 2016, 3:53 PM
• Tbayer updated the task description. (Show Details)
BBlack updated the task description. (Show Details)Sep 23 2016, 4:17 PM
BBlack moved this task from Backlog to TLS on the Traffic board.Sep 30 2016, 1:47 PM
BBlack added a comment.Oct 31 2016, 8:38 PM

@EdErhart-WMF are you the person now working on this? Can we get a status update fixing the remaining issue (correct HSTS header)?

EdErhart-WMF added a comment.Nov 8 2016, 1:10 AM

@BBlack we're working on it now as part of a larger effort to tweak the blog's theme.

BBlack added a comment.Dec 19 2016, 4:27 PM

@EdErhart-WMF - Any update on setting the appropriate Strict-Transport-Security header on this service?

abian subscribed.Jan 5 2017, 7:21 PM
EdErhart-WMF added a comment.Jan 25 2017, 8:46 PM

@BBlack Automattic has done this. Can someone check and make sure it's been set correctly before we close the ticket?

BBlack closed this task as Resolved.Jan 26 2017, 3:03 PM
BBlack claimed this task.

Confirmed correct current operation:

  1. All HTTP access seems to redirect to HTTPS
  2. All HTTPS requests send response header: strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload

Thanks for chasing this down!

BBlack updated the task description. (Show Details)Jan 26 2017, 3:03 PM
Aklapper mentioned this in T162394: Blog should make use of HTTPS addresses when possible and get rid of protocol-relative URLs.Apr 6 2017, 7:45 PM
Nintendofan885 mentioned this in T270034: Send HSTS header on all Wordpress VIP-hosted domains.Dec 13 2020, 4:25 PM
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